Misunderstanding precision psychiatry

Vieta, Eduard; Salagre, Estela

doi:10.1017/s0033291721001173

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…There is an ongoing discussion about the need for precision medicine in mental health treatments, e.g., [31][32][33][34][35] and in mHealth [36][37][38] and possibly more newly developed apps will follow this promising path and pivot to the precision medicine research, first on undiagnosed individuals with needs in certain areas, and then on clinical populations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ReApp – an mHealth app increasing reappraisal: results from two randomized controlled trials

Marciniak¹,

Shanahan²,

Myin-Germeys³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Introduction: Reappraisal is one of the highly modifiable resilience factors and an important emotion regulation strategy. Reappraisal training can be delivered via mobile apps; however, such apps have typically combined reappraisal with other techniques. To address this gap, we developed ReApp, which engages users solely in reappraisal. Methods: For two trials, we invited 40 and 95 young adults with low levels of reappraisal skills. Participants were randomized into either control (CG) or intervention group (IG). The CG had access only to the Ecological Momentary Assessment component of the app, while the IG could also access the reappraisal training. We analyzed the self-report data using linear mixed models.Results: In both trials, adherence was high. Trial 1 revealed that only participants with very low reappraisal skills at baseline benefited from ReApp. This outcome was replicated in Trial 2 but there were no significant differences between the groups in the follow-up in mental health symptoms severity.Discussion: High adherence suggests that participants found it easy to integrate ReApp into their daily routines. Furthermore, ReApp successfully increased reappraisal in individuals with low level of reappraisal skills. Future studies will focus on assessing the efficacy of EMI-delivered reappraisal training on healthy and clinical populations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ReApp – an mHealth app increasing reappraisal: results from two randomized controlled trials

Marciniak¹,

Shanahan²,

Myin-Germeys³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…In this complex interrelation between the neuroendocrine and the immune–inflammatory processes, the presence of a transdiagnostic convergence across somatic and mental disorders of impaired inflammatory activity reinforces the significance of the scientific knowledge regarding comorbidity ( 79 , 80 ) as an essential field of research with a holistic perspective. The studies investigating comorbidity and its overlapping pathways have already shown that these associations provide an invaluable chance to broaden the horizons of what is currently known about the pathogenesis, progress, and repercussions of these pathologies, and may allow further progress in the context of “precision psychiatry” paradigm ( 81 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune–Inflammatory Biomarkers Predict Cognition and Social Functioning in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Major Depressive Disorder, Bipolar Disorder, and Schizophrenia: A 1-Year Follow-Up Study

et al. 2022

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BackgroundSystemic, low-grade immune–inflammatory activity, together with social and neurocognitive performance deficits are a transdiagnostic trait of people suffering from type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and severe mental illnesses (SMIs), such as schizophrenia (SZ), major depressive disorder (MDD), and bipolar disorder (BD). We aimed to determine if immune–inflammatory mediators were significantly altered in people with SMIs or T2DM compared with healthy controls (HC) and whether these biomarkers could help predict their cognition and social functioning 1 year after assessment.MethodsWe performed a prospective, 1-year follow-up cohort study with 165 participants at baseline (TB), including 30 with SZ, 42 with BD, 35 with MDD, 30 with T2DM, and 28 HC; and 125 at 1-year follow-up (TY), and determined executive domain (ED), global social functioning score (GSFS), and peripheral blood immune–inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers.ResultsParticipants with SMIs and T2DM showed increased peripheral levels of inflammatory markers, such as interleukin-10 (p < 0.01; η2p = 0.07) and tumor necrosis factor-α (p < 0.05; η2p = 0.08); and oxidative stress biomarkers, such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) (p < 0.05; η2p = 0.07) and mitochondrial ROS (p < 0.01; η2p = 0.08). The different combinations of the exposed biomarkers anticipated 46–57.3% of the total ED and 23.8–35.7% of GSFS for the participants with SMIs.LimitationsParticipants' treatment, as usual, was continued without no specific interventions; thus, it was difficult to anticipate substantial changes related to the psychopharmacological pattern.ConclusionPeople with SMIs show significantly increased levels of peripheral immune–inflammatory biomarkers, which may contribute to the neurocognitive and social deficits observed in SMIs, T2DM, and other diseases with systemic immune–inflammatory activation of chronic development. These parameters could help identify the subset of patients who could benefit from immune–inflammatory modulator strategies to ameliorate their functional outcomes.

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