Mitigating carbon dioxide emission from mobility based on the bottom-up approach in the central business district of Surakarta City

Abstract

The development of Surakarta as the center of economy and service in the hinterland regions adds transportation to the list of sectors generating emission and, therefore, the pressure on the environment. Such pressure comes from public preferences of private vehicles as the primary mode of transportation. This study sought to calculate the transportation emission load (carbon dioxide/CO2 parameter) in the Central Business District (CBD) in Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia. A bottom-up data was computed in Mobilev 3.0 software, which is based on the Tier III Corinair approach. Through a primary survey, this study observed 22 roads in the central economic region of Surakarta in 2014, which were equivalent to 9.38% of the total length of the road. The results showed that the emission load generated in the CBD reached 46, 216.24 tons CO2/year. Moreover, mobility consumed up to 15, 848.82 tons of liquid fuels per year, with the largest proportion (74%) being gasoline, which is mainly used in motorcycles and private cars. In the transportation sector, the highest contributor to emission in the CBD is the use of private vehicles.