Mitochondria targeted upconversion molecular platform for photodynamic therapy of cancer cells

Mitochondria-specific near-infrared photoactivation of peroxynitrite upconversion luminescent nanogenerator for precision cancer gas therapy

“…Among them, frequency upconversion luminescence (FUCL) has gained prominence in biosensing and imaging due to its superior properties of deep-tissue penetration, low autofluorescence, high photostability, and high signal-to-noise ratio. Furthermore, diverse FUCL-based systems have been extensively developed for detecting metal ions, tumor hypoxia, and cancer therapy 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 . Recently, our group reported the design of 658 nm light-activable upconversion luminescent NO nano-prodrugs that facilitated precise real-time NO monitoring and tumor treatment guided by FUCL imaging 42 .…”

Hot-band absorption assisted single-photon frequency upconversion luminescent nanophotosensitizer for 808 nm light triggered photodynamic immunotherapy of cancer

“…To date, a few FUCL organic fluorophores have been reported for bioimaging and bio-detection, 33–38 and FUCL technology has also been applied in antitumor therapy. 30,39–41 Chen et al used sulfonated aluminum phthalocyanine (AlPcS) for in vitro PDT studies with hot-band absorption under 800 nm irradiation. 30 Recently, Peng et al utilized an upconversion photosensitizer with 808 nm laser irradiation to realize deep cancer PDT.…”