Mitoxantrone-Loaded PLGA Nanoparticles for Increased Sensitivity of Glioblastoma Cancer Cell to TRAIL-Induced Apoptosis

A nanocarrier system based on CQDs for efficient mitoxantrone drug delivery

“…In this study, the percentage of DEE of CQD-MTX complex was calculated, and the cumulative release of MTX from CQD-MTX complex was investigated at pH 7.4 and 5.2 after 48 h. Based on the results, the percentage of DEE of CQD-MTX complex was obtained 97 %, while, in studies conducted by Hashemi et al and Wang et al , the percentages of DEE of prepared complexes were 68 %, 91.36 %, respectively [ 3 , 9 ]. In addition, in this research, the cumulative release of MTX from CQD-MTX complex was 8 % and 11 % at pH 7.4 and 5.2 after 48 h, respectively, while, in study conducted by Darvish et al , the percentages of released MTX from chitosan-MTX after 48 h were about 45 % and 67 % at pH 7.4 and 5.2, respectively.…”

“…The percentage of drug entrapment efficiency (DEE) was 68 %. Also, at pH 7.4 after 48 h, the percentage of cumulative release of MTX from PLGA was about 30 %, while, at pH 5.5 after 48 h, it was about 60 % [ 9 ]. Based on the study conducted by Wang et al , MTX-preloaded phospholipid-amorphous calcium carbonate hybrid nanoparticles (PL-ACC-MTX) that surface modified with PL shell (containing shielding polymer polyethylene glycol (PEG) and targeting moiety folic acid) were prepared.…”

Post-Transcriptional Modifications of RNA as Regulators of Apoptosis in Glioblastoma

“…The evasion of apoptosis by glioblastoma cells could be explained by the extrinsic death receptor pathway that is related to Fas/FasL signal transduction being inhibited, especially at the stage of caspase-8 activation [ 116 ]. It was also shown that one of the members of the TNF family of proteins—the tumor necrosis factor-related, apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)—induces apoptosis in glioblastoma cells through binding to its death receptors, DR4 and DR5 [ 117 , 118 , 119 ]. In glioblastoma cells, the overexpression of anti-apoptotic proteins (Bcl-2) was observed.…”