Mixed-material layer formation on graphite exposed to deuterium plasmas containing beryllium

Baldwin, M.J.; Doerner, R.; Nishijima, D.; Schmid, K.; Whyte, D.G.; Kulpin, J.G.; Wright, G.M.

doi:10.1016/j.jnucmat.2006.06.014

Cited by 21 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The key Be/C results reviewed by Hanna are as follows: a Be concentration within the plasma as small as 0.2% compared to deuterium is sufficient to strongly suppress carbon erosion for the end plates as measured by CD and C emission. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy of the plate surface confirms the formation of a carbidic layer of C, which mitigates C chemical erosion 22 . The time constant for the reduction of C erosion is fit by a simple empirical formula that includes variations of plasma flux, ion energy, and surface temperature; the time constant is typically many seconds 23 .…”

Section: Characteristics Of Mixed Materialsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Mini-Conference on the First Microns of the First Wall

Stotler¹,

Rognlien²,

Krasheninnikov³

2008

Physics of Plasmas

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Interactions between plasmas and their surrounding materials (plasma facing components) are with the survivability of these materials, as well as the impact of these interactions back on the plasma. These interactions begin on the surface, but can have consequences a few microns into the material.This mini-conference on these "first microns" was designed to bring to the Division of Plasma Physics Meeting experts on these topics who would otherwise not attend. At the same time, the mini-conference was intended to expose the broader fusion community to these issues.The mini-conference covered in three, half-day sessions the topics of lithium coatings and surfaces, mixed materials characteristics, and issues associated with graphite.

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Section: Characteristics Of Mixed Materialsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Mini-Conference on the First Microns of the First Wall

Stotler¹,

Rognlien²,

Krasheninnikov³

2008

Physics of Plasmas

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“…The beryllium hydride sample was used to obtain XPS spectra for comparison with beryllium layers deposited by the PISCES-B beryllium-containing deuterium plasma as described in other publications [10,11]. No line shift data was available in the literature for the BeH 2 bond, so the BeH 2 powder was coated onto carbon tape and inserted into the XPS analysis station.…”

Section: Signatures Of Beryllium Hydride Standardsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of beryllium deuteride in plasma-beryllium interactions

Doerner

Baldwin

Buchenauer

et al. 2009

Journal of Nuclear Materials

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“…Deuterium ion beam implantation into mixed Be-C layers showed higher retention in the mixedmaterial samples, compared to clean Be samples [52]. Retention measurements from plasma-created mixed-material targets also show larger retention in mixed Be-C layers compared to clean Be targets [43], but surprisingly mixed Be-C targets also show larger retention when compared with clean carbon targets exposed to identical plasma-discharges [46]. In both cases of plasma-created mixed Be-C (Be incident on C and C incident on Be) surfaces the differences in retention are largest during low surface temperature exposure.…”

Section: Beryllium/carbon Systemmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…The change in the composition of the surface is correlated to a reduction in the chemical erosion of the graphite sample. As in the case of tungsten carbide formation in a surface reducing the chemical erosion properties of the bound carbon, beryllium carbide formation in the surface of these samples appears to again be responsible for the reduction [46]. In the plasma-environment many parameters can have an influence on the formation of beryllium carbide layers, such as, incident Be flux, surface temperature, incident energy, etc.…”

Section: Beryllium/carbon Systemmentioning

confidence: 94%