Mixed-Metal Semiconductor Anodes for Electrochemical Water Splitting and Reactive Chlorine Species Generation: Implications for Electrochemical Wastewater Treatment

Ryu, Su Young; Hoffmann, Michael R.

doi:10.3390/catal6040059

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Electrochemical water splitting holds great promise for clean energy resources and has aroused broad study interest in recent years [1][2][3][4][5]. Among all the studies, the development of electrocatalysts for the anode oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is one of the key issues to decrease the overpotential of practical water splitting due to its sluggish four-electron process [6][7][8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Host-Guest Engineering of Layered Double Hydroxides towards Efficient Oxygen Evolution Reaction: Recent Advances and Perspectives

Jiang

Shao

et al. 2018

Catalysts

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Electrochemical water splitting has great potential in the storage of intermittent energy from the sun, wind, or other renewable sources for sustainable clean energy applications. However, the anodic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) usually determines the efficiency of practical water electrolysis due to its sluggish four-electron process. Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) have attracted increasing attention as one of the ideal and promising electrocatalysts for water oxidation due to their excellent activity, high stability in basic conditions, as well as their earth-abundant compositions. In this review, we discuss the recent progress on LDH-based OER electrocatalysts in terms of active sites, host-guest engineering, and catalytic performances. Moreover, further developments and challenges in developing promising electrocatalysts based on LDHs are discussed from the viewpoint of molecular design and engineering.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Host-Guest Engineering of Layered Double Hydroxides towards Efficient Oxygen Evolution Reaction: Recent Advances and Perspectives

Jiang

Shao

et al. 2018

Catalysts

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“…TiO 2 particles were collected by centrifugation that yields 5 wt % sol–gel conc., which is defined as a TiO 2 nanoglue. 76 , 77 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After complete hydrolysis, the suspension was heated at 90 °C for 4 h with vigorous stirring. TiO 2 particles were collected by centrifugation that yields 5 wt % sol–gel conc., which is defined as a TiO 2 nanoglue. , …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

α-NiO/Ni(OH)₂/AgNP/F-Graphene Composite for Energy Storage Application

Ryu

Hoffmann

2023

ACS Omega

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The α-NiO/Ni(OH)2/AgNP/F-graphene composite, which is silver nanoparticles preanchored on the surface of fluorinated graphene (AgNP/FG) and then added to α-NiO/Ni(OH)2, is investigated as a potential battery material. The addition of AgNP/FG endows the electrochemical redox reaction of α-NiO/Ni(OH)2 with a synergistic effect, resulting in enhanced Faradaic efficiency with the redox reactions of silver accompanied by the OER and the ORR. It resulted in enhanced specific capacitance (F g–1) and capacity (mA h g–1). The specific capacitance of α-NiO/Ni(OH)2 increased from 148 to 356 F g–1 with the addition of AgNP(20)/FG, while it increased to 226 F g–1 with the addition of AgNPs alone without F-graphene. The specific capacitance of α-NiO/Ni(OH)2/AgNP(20)/FG further increased up to 1153 F g–1 with a change in the voltage scan rate from 20 to 5 mV/s and the Nafion-free α-NiO/Ni(OH)2/AgNP(20)/FG composite. In a similar trend, the specific capacity of α-NiO/Ni(OH)2 increased from 266 to 545 mA h g–1 by the addition of AgNP(20)/FG. The performance of hybrid Zn–Ni/Ag/air electrochemical reactions by α-NiO/Ni(OH)2/AgNP(200)/FG and Zn-coupled electrodes indicates a potential for a secondary battery. It results in a specific capacity of 1200 mA h g–1 and a specific energy of 660 W h kg–1, which is divided into Zn–Ni reactions of ∼95 W h kg–1 and Zn–Ag/air reactions of ∼420 W h kg–1, while undergoing a Zn–air reaction of ∼145 W h kg–1.

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“…This reduction does not only lead to the formation of ClO 2 , but also to the generation of chlorine and hypochlorous acid/chlorine in high concentrations, which highlights the importance of keeping the ratio between hydrogen peroxide and chlorate in suitable values [7,14,15]. More recently, the production of ClO 2 using electrochemical technology was studied using mixed metal oxide (MMO) electrodes in the presence of chlorite [16][17][18][19] and Boron Doped Diamond BDD anodes were used to promote the evolution of chlorine species [20,21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of Chlorine Dioxide Using Hydrogen Peroxide and Chlorates

et al. 2021

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Chlorine dioxide was produced by the reduction of chlorate with hydrogen peroxide in strongly acidic media. To avoid reaction interference during measuring procedures, UV spectra were acquired to monitor the chlorate reduction. This reduction led to the formation of chlorine dioxide and notable concentrations of chlorite and hypochlorous acid/chlorine, suggesting that the hydrogen peroxide:chlorate ratio is important. Once chlorates are transformed to chlorine dioxide, the surplus hydrogen peroxide promoted the further reaction of the chlorinated species down to less-important species. Moreover, chlorine dioxide was stripped with the outlet gas flow. A linear relationship was established between the amount of limiting reagent consumed and the maximum height of the absorption peak at 360 nm after testing with different ratios of hydrogen peroxide and chlorate, allowing calculations of the maximum amount of chlorine dioxide formed. To verify the reproducibility of the method, a test with four replicates was conducted in a hydrogen peroxide/chlorate solution where chlorine dioxide reduction was not promoted due to the presence of surplus chlorate in the reaction medium after the test. Results confirmed the efficient formation of this oxidant, with maximum concentrations of 8.0 ± 0.33 mmol L−1 in 400–450 min and a conversion percentage of 97.6%. Standard deviations of 0.14–0.49 mmol L−1 were obtained during oxidation (3.6–6.5% of the average), indicating good reproducibility.

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Mixed-Metal Semiconductor Anodes for Electrochemical Water Splitting and Reactive Chlorine Species Generation: Implications for Electrochemical Wastewater Treatment

Cited by 13 publications

References 40 publications

Host-Guest Engineering of Layered Double Hydroxides towards Efficient Oxygen Evolution Reaction: Recent Advances and Perspectives

Host-Guest Engineering of Layered Double Hydroxides towards Efficient Oxygen Evolution Reaction: Recent Advances and Perspectives

α-NiO/Ni(OH)₂/AgNP/F-Graphene Composite for Energy Storage Application

Production of Chlorine Dioxide Using Hydrogen Peroxide and Chlorates

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Mixed-Metal Semiconductor Anodes for Electrochemical Water Splitting and Reactive Chlorine Species Generation: Implications for Electrochemical Wastewater Treatment

Cited by 13 publications

References 40 publications

Host-Guest Engineering of Layered Double Hydroxides towards Efficient Oxygen Evolution Reaction: Recent Advances and Perspectives

Host-Guest Engineering of Layered Double Hydroxides towards Efficient Oxygen Evolution Reaction: Recent Advances and Perspectives

α-NiO/Ni(OH)2/AgNP/F-Graphene Composite for Energy Storage Application

Production of Chlorine Dioxide Using Hydrogen Peroxide and Chlorates

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

α-NiO/Ni(OH)₂/AgNP/F-Graphene Composite for Energy Storage Application