Mixing Methods and Triangulating Results to Study the Influence of Panning on Map Users’ Attentive Behaviour

Ooms, Kristien; Dupont, Lien; Lapon, Lieselot

doi:10.1080/00087041.2016.1213517

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Many cartographers also employed eye tracking in their usability research, especially for the assessment of visual elements (e.g. Çöltekin et al, 2010;Dickmann et al, 2016;Fabrikant, Hespanha, & Hegarty, 2010;Ooms, 2012;Ooms et al, 2014b;Ooms & De Maeyer, 2015;Ooms et al, 2017).…”

Section: Eye Trackingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…thinkaloud, eye tracking, interview) have been applied to evaluate the recall of map-related information from memory (e.g. Herbert, & Chen, 2015;Kveladze, Kraak, & van Elzakker, 2017;Ooms, 2016;Ooms, Dupont, & Lapon, 2017). Sketch maps are one of these methods, since they concretize the extracted information from a cognitive map (also called a mental image, map image, mental map) through drawing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…User testing methods can be mixed for many reasons such as to enrich the quantitative research in cartography, to better contextualize map design and use/user recommendations, to improve the consistency and detail of results, and to adopt and adapt new approaches to our study design (Ooms, 2016;Ooms, et al, 2017;Popelka, Stachoň, Šašink, & Doležalová, 2016;Roth, et al, 2017). In our study, we also use mixed methods of sketch maps, eye tracking (ET) and a post-test questionnaire.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Digital sketch maps and eye tracking statistics as instruments to obtain insights into spatial cognition

Keskin

Ooms

Doğru

et al. 2018

JEMR

Self Cite

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This paper explores map users’ cognitive processes in learning, acquiring and remembering information presented via screen maps. In this context, we conducted a mixed-methods user experiment employing digital sketch maps and eye tracking. On the one hand, the performance of the participants was assessed based on the order with which the objects were drawn and the influence of visual variables (e.g. presence & location, size, shape, color). On the other hand, trial durations and eye tracking statistics such as average duration of fixations, and number of fixations per seconds were compared. Moreover, selected AoIs (Area of Interests) were explored to gain a deeper insight on visual behavior of map users. Depending on the normality of the data, we used either two-way ANOVA or Mann-Whitney U test to inspect the significance of the results. Based on the evaluation of the drawing order, we observed that experts and males drew roads first whereas; novices and females focused more on hydrographic object. According to the assessment of drawn elements, no significant differences emerged between neither experts and novices, nor females and males for the retrieval of spatial information presented on 2D maps with a simple design and content. The differences in trial durations between novices and experts were not statistically significant while both studying and drawing. Similarly, no significant difference occurred between female and male participants for either studying or drawing. Eye tracking metrics also supported these findings. For average duration of fixation, there was found no significant difference between experts and novices, as well as between females and males. Similarly, no significant differences were found for the mean number of fixation.

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Section: Eye Trackingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Digital sketch maps and eye tracking statistics as instruments to obtain insights into spatial cognition

Keskin

Ooms

Doğru

et al. 2018

JEMR

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Other studies in GIScience that combine eye tracking with talking aloud (e.g. Ooms et al, 2017) show that this approach can reveal new insights. Since we are primarily interested in the process of task execution, not in one particular answer, such direct explanation is valuable to us.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To achieve our goals, we use eye tracking, which has already proved to be valuable in providing insights into how people work with geovisualizations (Fabrikant et al, 2008;Çöltekin et al, 2010;. Eye tracking is commonly supplemented with other methods: usability metrics (Çöltekin et al, 2009), user logging (Ooms et al, 2015), and talking aloud (Ooms et al, 2017). Similarly, we use eye tracking together with interaction logs and talkaloud to investigate how untrained individuals work with a CMV tool.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breaking the Eyes: How Do Users Get Started with a Coordinated and Multiple View Geovisualization Tool?

Gołębiowska

Opach

Rød

2020

The Cartographic Journal

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Maps are frequently combined with data displays in the form of coordinated and multiple views (CMV). Although CMV are valuable geovisualization tools, novice users may find them complex and thus require explanation. However, no tutorial guidelines have been developed that indicate what is helpful in understanding CMV geovisualization tools. We therefore conducted a study on the learnability of a CMV tool, informed with eye-tracking data, talk-aloud and interaction logs. We have investigated how untrained users work with a CMV geovisualization tool. The study revealed that: (1) despite their initial confusion, users found the tested tool pleasant to play with while getting to grips with how dynamic brushing works, (2) when examining the tool's interface, participants mainly looked freely at explanatory elements, such as labels and the legend, but they explored interactive techniques only to a limited degree. We conclude with tips about tutorial design and layout design for CMV tools.

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Eye tracking for spatial research: Cognition, computation, challenges

Kiefer

Giannopoulos

Raubal

et al. 2017

Spatial Cognition & Computation

173

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Mixing Methods and Triangulating Results to Study the Influence of Panning on Map Users’ Attentive Behaviour

Cited by 10 publications

References 29 publications

Digital sketch maps and eye tracking statistics as instruments to obtain insights into spatial cognition

Digital sketch maps and eye tracking statistics as instruments to obtain insights into spatial cognition

Breaking the Eyes: How Do Users Get Started with a Coordinated and Multiple View Geovisualization Tool?

Eye tracking for spatial research: Cognition, computation, challenges

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