Mixing-structure relationship in jet-stirred reactors

Ayass, Wassim W.; Nasir, Ehson F.; Farooq, Aamir; Sarathy, S. Mani

doi:10.1016/j.cherd.2016.05.016

Cited by 31 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The importance of temperature specification has motivated recent efforts to rigorously quantify experimental uncertainties associated with the evaluation of this parameter [482], and these analyses should be extended to account for, not only random measurement errors, but also systematic errors associated with experimental configurations and operating protocol, e.g., [483,484]. Related to this, as discussed in Section 4, recent efforts have been undertaken to quantify the extent of uncertainties associated with various approaches used to model the experiments, and the level of detail necessary to minimize these for various reacting systems, though open questions still remain.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in rapid compression machine studies of low- and intermediate-temperature autoignition phenomena

Goldsborough

Hochgreb

Vanhove

et al. 2017

Progress in Energy and Combustion Science

206

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Rapid compression machines (RCMs) are widely-used to acquire experimental insights into fuel autoignition and pollutant formation chemistry, especially at conditions relevant to current and future combustion technologies. RCM studies emphasize important experimental regimes, characterized by lowto intermediate-temperatures (600-1200 K) and moderate to high pressures (5-80 bar). At these conditions, which are directly relevant to modern combustion schemes including low temperature combustion (LTC) for internal combustion engines and dry low emissions (DLE) for gas turbine engines, combustion chemistry exhibits complex and experimentally challenging behaviors such as the chemistry attributed to cool flame behavior and the negative temperature coefficient regime. Challenges for studying this regime include that experimental observations can be more sensitive to coupled physicalchemical processes leading to phenomena such as mixed deflagrative/autoignitive combustion. Experimental strategies which leverage the strengths of RCMs have been developed in recent years to make RCMs particularly well suited for elucidating LTC and DLE chemistry, as well as convolved physicalchemical processes. Specifically, this work presents a review of experimental and computational efforts applying RCMs to study autoignition phenomena, and the insights gained through these efforts. A brief history of RCM development is presented towards the steady improvement in design, characterization, instrumentation and data analysis. Novel experimental approaches and measurement techniques, coordinated with computational methods are described which have expanded the utility of RCMs beyond empirical studies of explosion limits to increasingly detailed understanding of autoignition chemistry and the role of physical-chemical interactions. Fundamental insight into the autoignition chemistry of specific fuels is described, demonstrating the extent of knowledge of low-temperature chemistry derived from RCM studies, from simple hydrocarbons to multi-component blends and full-boiling range fuels. Emerging needs and further opportunities are suggested, including investigations of under-explored fuels and the implementation of increasingly higher fidelity diagnostics.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in rapid compression machine studies of low- and intermediate-temperature autoignition phenomena

Goldsborough

Hochgreb

Vanhove

et al. 2017

Progress in Energy and Combustion Science

206

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Four opposing nozzles (ID 0.3 mm) were used as the inlets of the reactor to achieve perfect mixing by creating jet flow stirring. The mixing performance has been checked experimentally in previous work [42]. Gasoline surrogates were vaporized at 450K and then diluted with nitrogen, which also functioned as a carrier gas to introduce fuel vapor into the spherical reactor through the inner capillary inlet.…”

Section: Gasoline Properties Descriptions and Surrogate Formationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring gasoline oxidation chemistry in jet stirred reactors

Chen

Wang

et al. 2019

Fuel

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Recent decades have seen increasingly restrictive regulations applied to gasoline engines. Gasoline combustion chemistry must be investigated to achieve a better understanding and control of internal combustion engine efficiency and emissions. In this work, several gasoline fuels, namely the FACE (Fuel for Advanced Combustion Engines) gasolines, were selected as targets for oxidation study in jet-stirred reactors (JSR). The study is facilitated by formulating various gasoline surrogate mixtures with known hydrocarbon compositions to represent the real gasolines. Surrogates included binary mixtures of n-heptane and iso-octane, as well as more complex multicomponent mixtures. The oxidation characteristics of FACE gasolines and their surrogates were experimentally examined in JSR-1 and numerically simulated under the following conditions: pressure 1 bar, temperature 500-1050K, residence time 1.0 and 2.0 s, and two equivalence ratios (ϕ=0.5 and 1.0). In the high temperature region, all real fuels and surrogates showed similar oxidation behavior, but in the low temperature region, a fuel's octane number and composition had a significant effect on its JSR oxidation characteristics. Low octane number fuels displayed more low temperature reactivity, while fuels with similar octane number but a larger number of nalkane components were more reactive. A gasoline surrogate kinetic model was examined with FACE gasoline experiments either measured in JSR-2, or taken from previous work under the following conditions: pressure 10 bar, temperature 530-1200K, residence time 0.7s, and three equivalence ratios (ϕ=0.5, 1.0 and 2.0). Comparison between FACE gasoline experimental results with surrogate model predictions showed good agreement, demonstrating considerable potential for surrogate fuel kinetic modeling in engine simulations.

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“…However, the ideal flow pattern within the continuous JSR may only be valid for a certain range of process conditions. If operating conditionssuch as temperature, pressure or compounds usedare changed, the hydrodynamic conditions may be modified (Herbinet and Dayma, 2013;Ayass et al, 2016). Thus, discrepancies between experimental and model results can be observed due to an invalid assumption.…”

Section: Pagementioning

confidence: 99%

“…France (Matras and Villermaux, 1973) Figure 2: Diagram of a JSR fitted with a support for placement of an iron piece to be carburized -Four nozzles separated by a 90° angleoutlet nozzle diameter is close to dnozzle=300m, Vsphere100 mL, Snozzle=0.07 mm 2 (Matras and Villermaux, 1973) The hydrodynamics of the JSR have been studied at room temperature, atmospheric pressure and with air or argon (Herbinet and Dayma, 2013;Ayass et al, 2016). Three hydrodynamic conditions must be considered to allow it to be considered like a perfectly stirred reactor (David and Matras, 1975;Hinze and Van der Hegge Zijnen, 1949).…”

Section: Pagementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, depending on T and P, the A and sound c parameters vary, and consequently change the three operating conditions (Herbinet and Dayma, 2013;Ayass et al, 2016). Because pyrolysis reactions occur at high temperature, at low-pressure and in the absence of air it appears important to investigate how these parameters influence the three criteria described above.…”

Section:  mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Acetylene pyrolysis in a jet-stirred-reactor for low pressure gas carburizing process – Experiments, kinetic modeling and mixing intensity investigations by CFD simulation

Bensabath

Monnier

Glaude

2019

Chemical Engineering Science

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Mixing-structure relationship in jet-stirred reactors

Abstract:  The effect of geometrical variations in jet-stirred reactors (JSRs) on mixing is studied.  Monitoring the exit concentration of a tracer using laser absorption spectroscopy collects residence time distribution data.

Cited by 31 publications

References 13 publications

Advances in rapid compression machine studies of low- and intermediate-temperature autoignition phenomena

Advances in rapid compression machine studies of low- and intermediate-temperature autoignition phenomena

Exploring gasoline oxidation chemistry in jet stirred reactors

Acetylene pyrolysis in a jet-stirred-reactor for low pressure gas carburizing process – Experiments, kinetic modeling and mixing intensity investigations by CFD simulation

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