Mobile communication (2G, 3G &amp; 4G) and future interest of 5G in Pakistan: a review

Iqbal, Muhammad Jawad; Rahim, Zulhasni Abdul; Hussain, Syed Aamer; Ahmad, Norulhusna; Kaidi, Hazilah Mad; Ahmad, Robiah; Dziyauddin, Rudzidatul Akmam

doi:10.11591/ijeecs.v22.i2.pp1061-1068

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 25 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The growth of new frequency bands, increased data speeds, and transmission technologies implies that alternative ways of getting things done are available for each generation of people. In the second part of 2001, the first commercial 3G networks were placed into operation, with more to be done (34). Figure:6 shows 3G wireless technology.…”

Section: Nd Generation (2g)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Different Mobile Wireless Technology (From 0G to 6G)

Agrawal¹

2022

ECS Trans.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Networks and the value they provide. Mobile wireless technology has evolved from Zero Generation (0G) through the first, second, and third-generation systems during the last several decades to increase Quality of Service (QoS), efficiency, and performance. There is now a shift to implementing fourth-generation (4G) systems. Shortly, mobile devices will have access to 4G and 5G networks. 1G technology made mass mobile wireless communication possible. Since analog technology was superseded by digital in the 1990s, two-generation (2G) wireless communication has evolved tremendously. New converged networks that simultaneously handle voice and data transmission are emerging due to 3G technology's focus on voice communication. Currently, "5G" isn't being used in official situations. 5G research aims to expand the WWW, dynamic ad hoc wireless networks, and more. People have been involved in the Mobile Wireless Generation from one generation to another.

show abstract

Section: Nd Generation (2g)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Different Mobile Wireless Technology (From 0G to 6G)

Agrawal¹

2022

ECS Trans.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Innovative and new ideas regarding business and mobile services are emerging with the fast-paced development of mobile technology. A study (Iqbal et al, 2020) reported that Pakistan has one of the largest mobile users based on biometrical verification. However, the country is quite behind in mobile internet related adoption, with only around, a half of mobile device users using a broadband connection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, despite the introduction of domestic manufacturing and increased production of mobile devices, the rate of smartphone adoption remains low. Consequently, Pakistan's potential to emerge as a dominant force in the realm of smartphones, akin to China, India, and Indonesia, is at risk of eluding them, as the aforementioned countries are poised to achieve their predetermined objectives by the year 2025 (Iqbal et al, 2020). However, the global average of broadband internet penetration is 64.6% which is higher than 52.4% (Statista, 2023).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adoption of 3G/4G Technology in Pakistan: An Eastern Cultural Perspective

Rizvi

Safdar

Ali

et al. 2023

RJSI

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study primarily focuses on enhancing the existing understanding of Pakistani consumers' intentions regarding the adoption of 3G/4G technology through empirical investigation. Furthermore, it attempts to develop a new theoretical framework focusing on factors affecting consumers' adoption intentions. It is designed to explain the barriers consumers face while adopting 3G/4G technology in an eastern culture like Pakistan. Although previous research has already explored similar topics and conducted studies in the same field. in the Western context but, Pakistani 3G/4G market needs more investigation to understand consumers' adoption behavior. This work acts as foundation for marketing managers to have a comparative comprehension between the Western and Pakistani consumers. Literature indicates Pakistani markets under umbrella of the eastern Culture, so the Western theories may conclude in different consumer behavior due to relatively different socio-economics dynamics. A cross sectional survey was designed and convince sampling was used. The model is tested based on 7-point Likert scale self-administered questionnaire and obtained results of 566 respondents from Pakistani mobile phone users by using AMOS. The conclusion of this study showed that perceived social outcomes, general perceptions, perceived social impacts and perceived barriers contributed positively to the behavioral adoption intention of 3G/4G technology among Pakistani mobile phone users.

show abstract

“…In the current global economy [1], Fifth-generation (5G) mobile communication technology has become the new norm [2]. 5G, the latest wireless internet technology, promises to revolutionize our everyday lives and corporate practices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing Workforce Performance and Applications Toward Industry 5.0 with the 5G Conceptual Framework in Malaysia

Muhammad Saqib Iqbal,

Zulhasni Abdul Rahim,

Naoki Ohshima

2023

ARASET

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

As part of its "industry revolution plan," also known as "Industry4WRD," Malaysia has accepted and implemented contemporary technology, transforming Malaysia's diverse industrial sectors. We are currently well-established fourth Industrial Revolution of human history. The range and sophistication of digital instruments have increased significantly in recent years. Everything from robots to the Internet of Things (IoT) devices, communications infrastructure, data centres, and their power requirements. The manufacturing industry must develop innovative technologies, designs, structures, and concepts for communication and data storage to enhance the digital world's functioning and reduce the amount of energy necessary to operate it. Industry 5.0 is the next wave of industrial innovation, and industry experts eagerly anticipate its arrival. To increase industrial efficiency and flexibility, digitalisation and AI-driven technologies have supplanted the original goals of Industry 4.0, which included social fairness and sustainability. One interpretation of Industry 5.0 is that it is the return of the "human-centred" emphasis of Industry 4.0. By prioritising the well-being of people and the planet over pursuing financial gain, technological breakthroughs in industrial production would acquire a renewed sense of purpose and direction. A literature search was conducted to learn more about the first description of Industry 5.0. By utilising this strategy for systematic literature research, we could understand the concept and the most recent advancements in various published works. Following this, we used the software NVivo to develop a conceptual framework congruent with the study's objectives.

show abstract

Mobile communication (2G, 3G & 4G) and future interest of 5G in Pakistan: a review

Cited by 8 publications

References 25 publications

Comparison of Different Mobile Wireless Technology (From 0G to 6G)

Comparison of Different Mobile Wireless Technology (From 0G to 6G)

Adoption of 3G/4G Technology in Pakistan: An Eastern Cultural Perspective

Enhancing Workforce Performance and Applications Toward Industry 5.0 with the 5G Conceptual Framework in Malaysia

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About