“…Regarding socio-economic factors, we include age, gender, university education (indicating whether the respondent has achieved a university-level education or not) and employment status (employed or unemployed). Furthermore, as previous studies have shown that the pandemic has affected consumer behaviour (Alexander & Karger, 2021;Carbó-Valverde, Cuadros-Solas, Rodríguez-Fernández, & Sánchez-Béjar, 2023;Carvalho et al, 2021;Jonker et al, 2022;Sheth, 2020; among others), we also consider the extent to which people were affected by COVID-19 restrictions as a control variable, which measures the intensity of COVID-19 restrictions based on changes in people's use of public transportation during the pandemic at the province level.…”