Mobilization of broad host range plasmid fromPseudomonas putida to established biofilm ofBacillus azotoformans. I. Experiments

Non-invasive determination of conjugative transfer of plasmids bearing antibiotic-resistance genes in biofilm-bound bacteria: effects of substrate loading and antibiotic selection

“…However, numerous studies have revealed that the real spatial structure of biofilms is heterogeneous, with numerous pores and channels surrounding dense clusters of biofilm-bound cells (Wuertz et al 2001; Haagensen et al 2002, Molin and Tolker-Nielsen 2003). Only a few studies have been carried out to examine the survival and transfer of plasmid DNA in biofilms (Beaudoin et al 1998; Bathe et al 2004; Maeda et al 2006), and those provide very limited information on the efficiency of transfer on a local scale.…”