Model for Identifying High Carotid Body Chemosensitivity in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Abstract

Objective The carotid body (CB) is a major peripheral respiratory chemoreceptor. In patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), high CB chemosensitivity (CBC) is associated with refractory hypertension and insulin resistance and known to further aggravate OSA. Thus, the identification of high CB (hCBC) among OSA patients is of clinical significance, but detection methods are still limited. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the association of CBC with OSA severity and to develop a simplified model that can identify patients with hCBC. Methods In this cross-sectional study of subjects who underwent polysomnography (PSG), CBC was measured using the Dejours test. We defined hCBC as a decrease of >12% in respiratory rate (RR) after breathing of pure O 2 . The association of CBC with OSA severity was explored by logistic regression, and a model for identifying hCBC was constructed and confirmed using receiver operating characteristic analysis. Results Patients with OSA (n=142) and individuals without OSA (n=38) were enrolled. CBC was higher in patients with OSA than in those without OSA (% decrease in RR, 15.2%±13.3% vs 9.1%±7.5%, P<0.05). Apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), fraction of apnea-hypopnea events in rapid-eye-movement sleep (F events-in-REM ), and longest time of apnea (LTA) were associated with hCBC independently (odds ratio [OR]=1.048, OR=1.082, and OR=1.024 respectively; all P <0.05). The model for identifying hCBC allocated a score to each criterion according to its OR values, ie, 1 (LTA >48.4 s), 2 (AHI >15.7 events/hour), and 3 (F events-in-REM >12.7%). A score of 3 or greater indicated hCBC with a sensitivity of 79.4% and specificity of 88.2%. Conclusion High CBC is associated with the severity of OSA. A simplified scoring system based on clinical variables from PSG can be used to identify hCBC.

Establishment and Application Evaluation of an Improved Obstructive Sleep Apnea Screening Questionnaire for Chinese Community: The CNCQ-OSA

“…Future work will focus on improving the questionnaire mainly for physicians by attempting to expand the screening system with physical measurements, such as the waist-hip ratio, body fat rate, and pharyngeal cavity evaluation. 31,32 Considering the characteristics of a large population and high prevalence of OSA in…”