Model intercomparison in the Mediterranean: MEDMEX simulations of the seasonal cycle

Beckers, Jean-Marie; Rixen, M.; Brasseur, Pierre; Brankart, Jean-Michel; Elmoussaoui, A.; Crépon, Michel; Herbaut, Christophe; Martel, Françoise; Berghe, F. Van den; Mortier, Laurent; Lascaratos, A.; Δρακόπουλος, Πάνος; Κορρές, Γεράσιμος; Nittis, K.; Pinardi, Nadia; Masetti, E.; Castellari, Sergio; Carini, P.; Tintoré, Joaquín; Álvarez, Alberto; Monserrat, Sebastià; Parrilla, D.; Vautard, Robert; Speich, Sabrina

doi:10.1016/s0924-7963(02)00060-x

Cited by 33 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Looking into the northwestern Mediterranean Sea (Fig. 6), the typical lower temperature structures are also used in model validations (e.g., Millot, 1987;Beckers et al, 2002). Here the comparison of the reconstructions with the crossvalidation data not used also reveals that some features are now better visible in the reconstruction with the new method, in particular the form of the cold patch in the center of the domain.…”

Section: Setup 4: Whole Mediterranean Sea Added Banded Cloudsmentioning

confidence: 88%

A method to generate fully multi-scale optimal interpolation by combining efficient single process analyses, illustrated by a DINEOF analysis spiced with a local optimal interpolation

Beckers

Barth

Tomažić³

et al. 2014

Ocean Sci.

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Abstract. We present a method in which the optimal interpolation of multi-scale processes can be expanded into a succession of simpler interpolations. First, we prove how the optimal analysis of a superposition of two processes can be obtained by different mathematical formulations involving iterations and analysis focusing on a single process. From the different mathematical equivalent formulations, we then select the most efficient ones by analyzing the behavior of the different possibilities in a simple and well-controlled test case. The clear guidelines deduced from this experiment are then applied to a real situation in which we combine largescale analysis of hourly Spinning Enhanced Visible and Infrared Imager (SEVIRI) satellite images using data interpolating empirical orthogonal functions (DINEOF) with a local optimal interpolation using a Gaussian covariance. It is shown that the optimal combination indeed provides the best reconstruction and can therefore be exploited to extract the maximum amount of useful information from the original data.

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Section: Setup 4: Whole Mediterranean Sea Added Banded Cloudsmentioning

confidence: 88%

A method to generate fully multi-scale optimal interpolation by combining efficient single process analyses, illustrated by a DINEOF analysis spiced with a local optimal interpolation

Beckers

Barth

Tomažić³

et al. 2014

Ocean Sci.

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“…POM has been applied extensively to the Mediterranean and the Strait of Gibraltar (e.g. Zavatarelli and Mellor, 1995;Ahumada and Cruzado, 2007;Jungclaus and Mellor, 2000;Drakopoulos and Lascaratos, 1999;Alhammoud et al, 2010;Sannino et al, 2002;Beckers et al, 2002). In an application to the Mediterranean, POM is set up with a true evaporation instead of a virtual salt flux.…”

Section: Model Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Mediterranean circulation and water characteristics due to restriction of the Atlantic connection: a high-resolution ocean model

Topper

Meijer

2015

Clim. Past

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Abstract. A high-resolution parallel ocean model is set up to examine how the sill depth of the Atlantic connection affects circulation and water characteristics in the MediterraneanBasin. An analysis of the model performance, comparing model results with observations of the present-day Mediterranean, demonstrates its ability to reproduce observed water characteristics and circulation (including deep water formation). A series of experiments with different sill depths in the Atlantic-Mediterranean connection is used to assess the sensitivity of Mediterranean circulation and water characteristics to sill depth. Basin-averaged water salinity and, to a lesser degree, temperature rise when the sill depth is shallower and exchange with the Atlantic is lower. Lateral and interbasinal differences in the Mediterranean are, however, largely unchanged. The strength of the upper overturning cell in the western basin is proportional to the magnitude of the exchange with the Atlantic, and hence to sill depth. Overturning in the eastern basin and deep water formation in both basins, on the contrary, are little affected by the sill depth.The model results are used to interpret the sedimentary record of the Late Miocene preceding and during the Messinian Salinity Crisis. In the western basin, a correlation exists between sill depth and rate of refreshment of deep water. On the other hand, because sill depth has little effect on the overturning and deep water formation in the eastern basin, the model results do not support the notion that restriction of the Atlantic-Mediterranean connection may cause lower oxygenation of deep water in the eastern basin. However, this discrepancy may be due to simplifications in the surface forcing and the use of a bathymetry different from that in the Late Miocene. We also tentatively conclude that blocked outflow, as found in experiments with a sill depth ≤ 10 m, is a plausible scenario for the second stage of the Messinian Salinity Crisis during which halite was rapidly accumulated in the Mediterranean.With the model setup and experiments, a basis has been established for future work on the sensitivity of Mediterranean circulation to changes in (palaeo-)bathymetry and external forcings.

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“…For the vertical viscosity and diffusivity, a formulation based on the Richardson number that was developed in Pacanowski and Philander (1981) is used, with background values set at nearmolecular values (10 Ϫ6 and 2 ϫ 10 Ϫ7 m 2 s Ϫ1 , respectively). We use monthly mean wind stress reanalyzed from 10-m wind output from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), as chosen for the Mediterranean Sea Models Evaluation Experiment (Beckers et al 2002). The heat and the freshwater fluxes used to force the model are model determined from monthly climatological SST and sea surface salinity (SSS), as described in Dietrich et al (2004).…”

Section: The Ocean Circulation Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lagrangian Transport through an Ocean Front in the Northwestern Mediterranean Sea

Mancho

Hernández-Garcı́a

Small

et al. 2008

Journal of Physical Oceanography

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With the tools of lobe dynamics, the authors analyze the structures present in the velocity field obtained from a numerical simulation of the surface circulation in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea. In particular, focus is placed on the North Balearic Front, the westernmost part of the transition zone between saltier and fresher waters in the western Mediterranean, which is here interpreted in terms of the presence of a semipermanent "Lagrangian barrier," across which little transport occurs. Identified are relevant hyperbolic trajectories and their manifolds, and it is shown that the transport mechanism known as the turnstile, previously identified in abstract dynamical systems and simplified model flows, is also at work in this complex and realistic ocean flow. In addition, nonlinear dynamics techniques are shown to be powerful enough to identify the key geometric structures in this part of the Mediterranean. The construction also reveals the spatiotemporal routes along which this transport happens. Topological changes in that picture, which are associated with the crossing by eddies and may be interpreted as the breakdown of the front, are also observed during the simulation.

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Model intercomparison in the Mediterranean: MEDMEX simulations of the seasonal cycle

Cited by 33 publications

References 23 publications

A method to generate fully multi-scale optimal interpolation by combining efficient single process analyses, illustrated by a DINEOF analysis spiced with a local optimal interpolation

A method to generate fully multi-scale optimal interpolation by combining efficient single process analyses, illustrated by a DINEOF analysis spiced with a local optimal interpolation

Changes in Mediterranean circulation and water characteristics due to restriction of the Atlantic connection: a high-resolution ocean model

Lagrangian Transport through an Ocean Front in the Northwestern Mediterranean Sea

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