Modeling and Computer Simulations of Tumor Growth and Tumor Response to Radiotherapy

Borkenstein, Klaus; Levegrün, S.; Peschke, Peter

doi:10.1667/rr3193

Cited by 54 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Such models have been presented by e.g. Kocher and Treuer (1995); Kocher et al (1997) and Borkenstein et al (2004), showing that the complex process of tumor growth and response to radiotherapy can be successfully simulated with clinically interesting results.…”

Section: Overview Of Existing Models Of Microvascular Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accurate description of heterogeneous tumors for biologically optimized radiation therapy

Nilsson

2005

Medical Physics

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In this thesis, a model of tissue oxygenation is presented, that takes into account the heterogeneous nature of tumor vasculature. Even though the model is rather simple, the resulting oxygen distributions agree very well with clinically observed oxygen distributions for most tumors and healthy normal tissues. The model shows that the vascular density may not describe the oxygenation of a tissue sufficiently well, unless the heterogeneity of the vascular system is taken into account. Based on the oxygen distributions from the tissue model, the associated radiation response at low and high doses can be determined.The radiation response of heterogeneous tumors should preferably be described by two clonogen compartments, one resistant and one sensitive, dominating the response at high and low radiation doses, respectively. Furthermore, each compartment should be characterized by the effective radiation resistance and the effective clonogen number. The resistant-sensitive model of radiation response has been analyzed in great detail. It accurately describes the response of severely heterogeneous tumors, both at low and high doses and LET values. The effective response parameters are given as integrals, averaged over the whole spectrum of radiation resistance. The parameters can also be determined from clinically established dose-response relations.The main properties of the dose-response relation for a generally heterogeneous tumor is described in some detail. The normalized dose-response gradient has been generalized to take heterogeneities in both dose delivery and radiation response into account. This quantity is important for accurate treatment plan optimization using intensity modulated radiation therapy for individual patients.

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Section: Overview Of Existing Models Of Microvascular Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accurate description of heterogeneous tumors for biologically optimized radiation therapy

Nilsson

2005

Medical Physics

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“…In the model by Antipas et al (2004), the quiescence was defined by a range of pH: cells became proliferative again if the concentration in ions H+ rose above the upper value of the range, and cells died if the concentration decreased below the lower limit. Different approaches were taken for the cell division: in the model by Kansal et al (2000), cells died if there was no space in the neighbourhood, while in the model by Borkenstein et al (2004), cells could push the neighbours in random directions when they divided. The direction of division could also depend on the distribution of nutrients surrounding 10 2.2.…”

Section: The Checkpoints: Control Of the Cell Cyclementioning

confidence: 99%

“…" If there was no space, the new cell pushed the existing cells away in random directions on the dish (Borkenstein et al, 2004).…”

Section: Cell Cycle and Growth Of Colonies 341 Cell Cycle Rulesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Low-Dose Hypersensitivity and Bystander Effect are Not Mutually Exclusive in A549 Lung Carcinoma Cells after Irradiation with Charged Particles

Heuskin¹,

Wéra²,

Riquier³

et al. 2013

Radiation Research

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It is believed that irradiation interacts with biological tissues to break or modify the DNA, which is the molecule contained in the nuclei of cells that carries all the relevant information for the organism. As such, radiation is dangerous for individuals; however, its properties can also be used in medicine, e. g. in cancer treatments. Nevertheless, the exact mechanisms of cellular response to radiation are not fully understood yet, especially for low doses (below 50 cGy), where non-targeted effects, i. e. that do not involve only the interactions radiation-DNA, are taking place. In order to deepen the knowledge of those non-targeted effects, a computer model of a population of cells irradiated in vitro was written, taking into account the phenomena in the low dose domain.As a start, two non-targeted effects were studied, the bystander effect and the low dose hyperradiosensitivity. The program was written in C++ and the technique of the cellular automaton was used. The clonogenic assay was reproduced; cells were seeded in a dish and if the colony they formed after a given period of time was bigger than 50 cells, the seeded cells were assumed to have survived. The direct effect of radiation was calculated by the traditional linear quadratic model and in addition cells were subjected to the bystander effect.Some simulations were run in the case of two cell lines, the hamster cell line V79 and the glioma cell line T98G. The results show that the bystander effect is unlikely to be limited to one period of the cell cycle, but that the low dose hyper-radiosensitivity and the bystander effect could be the same phenomenon. This work also suggests that the bystander effect may be significant after low doses of conventional radiotherapy. Such a model represents a very useful tool for solving problems that at the moment cannot be investigated experimentally.

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“…A stochastic cell-based spatial and/or temporal model in the current era is being perused by researchers such as Stamatakos, Dionysiou, Borkenstein, Harting, Daşu and Titz [8][9][10][11][12][13]. Many models now focus on spatial-based cell parameterisation and the placement of cells within a "lattice" defining the tumour volume.…”

Section: Modelling Hypoxic Tumour Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

Altered fractionation outcomes for hypoxic head and neck cancer using theHYP-RTMonte Carlo model

Harriss-Phillips

Bezak²,

Yeoh³

2013

BJR

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Objective: Altered fractionation radiotherapy is simulated on a set of virtual tumours to assess the total doses required for tumour control compared with clinical head and neck data and the doses required to control hypoxic vs well-oxygenated tumours with different radiobiological properties. Methods:The HYP-RT model is utilised to explore the impact of tumour oxygenation and the onset times of accelerated repopulation (AR) and reoxygenation (ROx) during radiotherapy. A biological effective dose analysis is used to rank the schedules based on their relative normal tissue toxicities.

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Modeling and Computer Simulations of Tumor Growth and Tumor Response to Radiotherapy

Cited by 54 publications

References 60 publications

Accurate description of heterogeneous tumors for biologically optimized radiation therapy

Accurate description of heterogeneous tumors for biologically optimized radiation therapy

Low-Dose Hypersensitivity and Bystander Effect are Not Mutually Exclusive in A549 Lung Carcinoma Cells after Irradiation with Charged Particles

Altered fractionation outcomes for hypoxic head and neck cancer using theHYP-RTMonte Carlo model

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