Modeling and Mapping of Soil Salinity and its Impact on Paddy Lands in Jaffna Peninsula, Sri Lanka

Gopalakrishnan, Tharani; Kumar, Lalit

doi:10.3390/su12208317

Cited by 40 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The efficiency of different soil salinity indices derived from Sentinel 2 imageries (multispectral 10 m) for detecting and mapping soil salinity for this study area has been reported in an earlier study [7]. The results showed that a partial least squares regression (PLSR) model in combination with salinity indices provided the best results compared to the other models investigated.…”

Section: Soil Salinity Mapping and Validationmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…Soil salinity was measured by using electrical conductivity (EC) measurements following the 1:5 soil saturation extract method [24] using an electrical conductivity meter. Refer to Gopalakrishnan and Kumar [7] for more details on soil sampling and salinity determination.…”

Section: Soil Sampling and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The relevant sections were replaced after image processing and classification. Although Sentinel-2 had been used in an earlier study by the authors [7], here we used both Landsat sensor series images so that comparison could be better and we could have more confidence in our results, since the same model with same bands was being used for both the 1988 and 2019 maps. All Landsat satellite images were atmospherically corrected to top of atmosphere surface reflectance using the FLAASH (Fast Line-of-sight Atmospheric Analysis of Hypercubes) module in ENVI 5.5.…”

Section: Remotely Sensed Data Acquisition and Pre-processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Paddy is the main agricultural crop of the region and soil salinization is one of the major concerns of the coastal paddy farmers of Jaffna Peninsula [5,6]. According to previous studies, about 32.8% of the lands in Jaffna Peninsula are affected by salinity [7], while groundwater salinity has increased 1.6-fold over last two decades [8]. The rice plant has been categorized as the most susceptible crop to salinity and growth, and the yield of rice is greatly affected by salinity [9,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Linking Long-Term Changes in Soil Salinity to Paddy Land Abandonment in Jaffna Peninsula, Sri Lanka

Gopalakrishnan

Kumar

2021

Agriculture

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Soil salinity is a serious threat to coastal agriculture and has resulted in a significant reduction in agricultural output in many regions. Jaffna Peninsula, a semi-arid region located in the northern-most part of Sri Lanka, is also a victim of the adverse effects of coastal salinity. This study investigated long-term soil salinity changes and their link with agricultural land use changes, especially paddy land. Two Landsat images from 1988 and 2019 were used to map soil salinity distribution and changes. Another set of images was analyzed at four temporal periods to map abandoned paddy lands. A comparison of changes in soil salinity with abandoned paddy lands showed that abandoned paddy lands had significantly higher salinity than active paddy lands, confirming that increasing salts owing to the high levels of sea water intrusion in the soils, as well as higher water salinity in wells used for irrigation, could be the major drivers of degradation of paddy lands. The results also showed that there was a dramatic increase in soil salinity (1.4-fold) in the coastal lowlands of Jaffna Peninsula. 64.6% of the salinity-affected land was identified as being in the extreme saline category. In addition to reducing net arable lands, soil salinization has serious implications for food security and the livelihoods of farmers, potentially impacting the regional and national economy.

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Section: Soil Salinity Mapping and Validationmentioning

confidence: 71%

Section: Soil Sampling and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Remotely Sensed Data Acquisition and Pre-processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Linking Long-Term Changes in Soil Salinity to Paddy Land Abandonment in Jaffna Peninsula, Sri Lanka

Gopalakrishnan

Kumar

2021

Agriculture

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“…According to Chivasa et al (2001), the poor stand establishment of tropical crops in semi-arid regions of Zimbabwe is primarily due to low-quality seeds, poor sowing techniques and low soil moisture. Salinity has affected above 800 million hectares of the global area (Gopalakrishnan and Kumar, 2020). The expansion rate of soil salinization indicates that more than 50% of global arable land will be affected by 2050 (Tisarum et al, 2020).…”

Section: Fragile Ecosystemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seed Priming: A Potential Supplement in Integrated Resource Management Under Fragile Intensive Ecosystems

Devika¹,

Singh²,

Sarkar³

et al. 2021

Front. Sustain. Food Syst.

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A majority of agricultural activities are conducted under fragile lands or set-up. The growth and development of crops are negatively affected due to several biotic and abiotic stresses. In the current situation, research efforts have been diverted toward the short-term approaches that can improve crop performance under changing environments. Seed treatment or priming technology is in a transition phase of its popularity among resource-poor farmers. Suitable policy intervention can boost low-cost techniques to implement them on a larger scale in developing countries and to harness the maximum benefits of sustainable food production systems. Primed seeds have high vigor and germination rate that help in seedling growth and successful crop stand establishment under stress conditions. This review is attempted to assess different seed priming techniques in terms of resource use efficiency, crop productivity, cost–benefit balance, and environmental impacts. Moreover, a comprehensive study of the mechanisms (physiological and biochemical) of seed priming is also elaborated. A detailed examination of the applications of priming technology under diverse agroecosystems can improve our understanding of the adaptive management of natural resources.

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Nitrate reductase regulation in wheat seedlings by exogenous nitrate: A possible role in tolerance to salt stress

Horchani,

Bouallegue,

Mabrouk

et al. 2023

J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci.

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BackgroundSoil salinity is a major abiotic stress causing severe damage to plants. Thus, proper management approaches need to be developed to lessen the detrimental effect of salinity on crop growth and productivity.AimsThis study was conducted to investigate the putative role of nitrate (NO3−) and nitrate reductase (NR) in mitigating the adverse effects of salt stress on the growth of durum wheat seedlings.MethodsNitrogen nutrition has been modified, in the presence of 100 mM NaCl, either by increasing the NO3− availability, the deprivation of NO3− or by the addition of sodium tungstate—an inhibitor of NR—in the culture medium.ResultsObtained results showed that, in the presence of 2.5 mM NO3−, salt stress significantly decreased all studied growth traits (biomass production, relative growth rate, and water content). This was associated with a noteworthy reduction in total chlorophyll pigment, total carbohydrates, and protein contents. Concomitantly, NR activity was remarkably decreased. However, proline and malondialdehyde (MDA) were significantly accumulated. In the absence of NO3− as well as in the presence of tungstate, NR activities were noticeably reduced, and wheat seedling growth was further disturbed in comparison to salt‐stressed seedlings grown under 2.5 mM NO3−. Increasing the NO3− availability to 7.5 mM significantly restricted Cl− uptake, markedly increased root and leaf NR activities, and alleviated salt stress–induced seedling growth inhibition as compared to salt‐stressed seedlings grown under 2.5 mM NO3−. Such effects were associated with an increase in leaf chlorophyll and protein concentrations and in root and leaf carbohydrate concentrations. Nevertheless, MDA concentrations were sharply decreased.ConclusionsThis study provides strong arguments highlighting the potential role of NO3− reduction in mitigating the adverse effects of salt stress on the growth of wheat plants at the early seedling stage. The enhancement of the NR activity through increasing the NO3− availability may, therefore, represent a potential strategy to overcome the salinity‐mediated impairment of wheat seedlings to some extent.

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Modeling and Mapping of Soil Salinity and its Impact on Paddy Lands in Jaffna Peninsula, Sri Lanka

Cited by 40 publications

References 47 publications

Linking Long-Term Changes in Soil Salinity to Paddy Land Abandonment in Jaffna Peninsula, Sri Lanka

Linking Long-Term Changes in Soil Salinity to Paddy Land Abandonment in Jaffna Peninsula, Sri Lanka

Seed Priming: A Potential Supplement in Integrated Resource Management Under Fragile Intensive Ecosystems

Nitrate reductase regulation in wheat seedlings by exogenous nitrate: A possible role in tolerance to salt stress

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