Modeling Biometric Traits, Yield and Nutritional and Antioxidant Properties of Seeds of Three Soybean Cultivars Through the Application of Biostimulant Containing Seaweed and Amino Acids

Abstract

In recent years, attempts have been made to use preparations that allow obtaining high and good quality yields, while reducing the application of pesticides and mineral fertilizers. These include biostimulants that are safe for the natural environment and contribute to the improvement of yield size and quality, especially after the occurrence of stressors. Their use is advisable in the case of crops sensitive to such biotic stress factors like low temperatures or drought. One of these is soybean which is a very important plant from the economic viewpoint. Field experiments were established in the years 2014-2016 in a random block design in four replicates on experimental plots of 10 m2. Three soybean cultivars: Annushka, Mavka, and Atlanta were planted in the third decade of April. Fylloton biostimulant was used at 0.7% or 1% concentrations as single spraying (BBCH 13-15) or double spraying (BBCH 13-15, BBCH 61) in the vegetation period. The number of seeds per 1 m2, seed yield, thousand seed weight, number of pods per plant, number of nodes in the main shoot, height of plants, and protein and fat contents in seeds were determined. The content of phenolic compounds, antioxidant capacity and antioxidant effect of soybean seeds were assayed as well. Foliar treatment of soybean with Fylloton stimulated the growth and yield of plants without compromising their nutritional and nutraceutical properties. The double application of the higher concentration of Fylloton was favorable for the plant height, seed number and soybean yield. Moreover, the highest number of pods was obtained after single treatment of plants with the lower biostimulant concentration. There was also a positive effect of using this biostimulant on the content and activity of some bioactive compounds, such as phenolics and flavonoids, and on the reducing power.

Bioactive properties of greenhouse‐cultivated green beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) under biostimulants and water‐stress effect

“…Similar results have been reported for total phenols and flavonoids contents of soybean seeds after the application of two synthetic biostimulants (Atonik and Tytanit), where, despite the different response being observed during a 3 year study, the application of biostimulants in a high single doses gave consistently the best results . Polyphenols and flavonoids content of seeds from three soybean cultivars was also affected by natural biostimulants application such as Fylloton (a complex of amino acids and seaweed extracts) in a dose and cultivar‐dependent manner . The beneficial effect of biostimulants on phenolic compounds composition and content of snap bean pods was also reported in the case of garlic clove extracts and associated with its high content in phytohormones such as jasmonic and salicylic acids .…”

“…9 Polyphenols and flavonoids content of seeds from three soybean cultivars was also affected by natural biostimulants application such as Fylloton (a complex of amino acids and seaweed extracts) in a dose and cultivar-dependent manner. 35 The beneficial effect of biostimulants on phenolic compounds composition and content of snap bean pods was also reported in the case of garlic clove extracts and associated with its high content in phytohormones such as jasmonic and salicylic acids. 36 In our study, the prolonged effect of water stress (pods of the second harvest and seeds) resulted in a decrease of phenolic compounds content, whereas the G treatment showed the highest increase compared with the control, regardless of the irrigation treatment.…”

Changes in Biochemistry and Yield in Response to Biostimulants Applied in Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

“…Numerous studies conducted on arable crops confirmed the beneficial effect of seaweed extracts on increasing yield components [11,12,47,[64][65][66]. Previous research on other bean and soybean varieties confirmed the stimulating effect of the Ecklonia maxima or Ascophyllum nodosum extracts on the number of pods and seeds, and the weight of beans [39][40][41]67]. The lack of effect of Kelpak on the one-thousand-seed weight of bean was also confirmed by previous studies on common bean [66].…”

“…In our research, combining the Fylloton biostimulant, which induces the extract's effect, with Ascophyllum nodosum and amino acids increased the yield components, particularly the number of seeds after its double application. Moreover, previous studies, conducted on three soybean varieties, confirmed that this preparation has a positive effect on the number of pods and seeds, as well as seed yield [40]. The application of Fylloton in the cultivation of winter oilseed rape positively influenced the increase in the number of pods, the yield of seeds, and the weight of one thousand seeds, especially after applying the biostimulant together with the Perfektmikro micronutrient fertilizer containing EDTA-chelated (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid-chelated) manganese, copper, iron, and zinc, as well as molybdenum, boron, and nitrogen [121].…”

“…The beneficial effect of biostimulants with seaweed extracts or amino acids on plant growth and development, and on the quantity and quality of the yield, regardless of its developmental stage, was confirmed in numerous studies [13,34,35,[39][40][41][57][58][59][60][61][62]. An interesting solution is to combine these two components in a single preparation, as in the case of the Fylloton biostimulant (Biolchim Poland), which contains the extract of Ascophyllum nodosum (L.) Le Jolis, as well as vegetal amino acids.…”