Modeling Glacier Mass Balance and Runoff in the Koxkar River Basin on the South Slope of the Tianshan Mountains, China, from 1959 to 2009

Xu, Min; Han, Hua; Kang, Shichang

doi:10.3390/w9020100

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Glacier runoff is an important hydrological process mainly determined by precipitation and glacial meltwater (Xu et al 2017;Huss & Hock 2018). Currently, AL has almost no net accumulation; the yearly glacier runoff can also be defined as the sum of annual precipitation and ice loss.…”

Section: Glacier Runoffmentioning

confidence: 99%

How long will an Arctic mountain glacier survive? A case study of Austre Lovénbreen, Svalbard

Wang

Lin

2019

Polar Research

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Section: Glacier Runoffmentioning

confidence: 99%

How long will an Arctic mountain glacier survive? A case study of Austre Lovénbreen, Svalbard

Wang

Lin

2019

Polar Research

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“…The degree‐day factors (DDF s ) are an important parameter for the degree‐day glacier melt model, which depends on energy balance at surface of glacier, and are influenced by summer mean temperature, altitude, slope aspect, thickness of debris, glacier movement, and other factors (Scherler et al, 2011; Singh et al, 2000; Xu, Han, & Kang, 2017). The DDF s showed obviously regional differences.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Different patterns of changes in glacier mass balance and glacier runoff over the Tarim Basin, Central Asia

Xu,

Wang,

et al. 2023

Hydrological Processes

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The climate change impacted glacio‐hydrological regime and thus the availability of water resources in arid region of Central Asia. The effects of climate change in the magnitude or seasonality of regional glacier runoff were still poorly understood in Central Asia. In this study, the glacier runoff, components of glacier runoff, equilibrium line altitude (ELA) and Glacier Mass Balance (GMB) during 1959–2017 are evaluated by elevation‐dependent Degree‐Day glacier melt model in eight sub‐basins of Tarim Basin over Central Asia. The impacts of climate change on glacier and hydrology are assessed. The results suggested that climatic regime shifted to more warm‐wet pattern on glacier zone after 1990 in study area. The ablation and accumulation of glaciers showed different patterns in eight sub‐basins. All sub‐basins showed a glacier mass deficit and GMB displayed a marked decreasing trend, but also exhibiting discrepancy. The mean ELA and rising rate of ELA were higher in the southern region. The glacier runoff increased significantly after 1990 in Tarim Basin, with obviously temporal and spatial variations in sub‐basins. The mean annual volume of glacier runoff was 175.8 × 108 m3. The ice melt was a larger component of glacial runoff in Tarim Basin. The influence of rainfall runoff on glacier runoff was more obviously than snow melt runoff as more precipitation fell as rain in northern region. The larger proportions of snow melt runoff imply more precipitation fell as snowfall in southern region. The elevation‐dependent contributions in glacier runoff showed differences in individual basins. Temperature and precipitation played different role for the glacier runoff increases among the sub‐basins. Differences in sensitivity of GMB and glacier runoff were distinct and vary considerably. A thorough assessment of the spatially and temporally varying melt water originated by glaciers is crucial for the success of water scarcity adaptation under climate change.

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“…(0.27 °C, 0.3 °C, 10a −1 ) [3,19]. Based on the results of a previous study [20], it is estimated that the glacier basin may face a faster warming rate in the future. Since the observation data of long time series cannot be obtained, it is necessary to reconstruct the historical temperature and precipitation data.…”

Section: Station Informationmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…(0.27 °C, 0.3 °C, 10a −1 ) [3,19]. Based on the results of a previous study [20], it is estimated that the glacier basin may face a faster warming rate in the future. Based on the daily precipitation data of LHGB during 2010-2012 and the daily precipitation data of four NWSs around LHGB during 1959-2015, the daily precipitation of LHGB during 1959-2009 was reconstructed by using the methods of precipitation gradients and inverse distance weight (IDW).…”

Section: Station Informationmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Simulation of Runoff and Glacier Mass Balance and Sensitivity Analysis in a Glacierized Basin, North-Eastern Qinhai-Tibetan Plateau, China

Zhang

Qin

et al. 2018

Water

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Glaciers have been recognized as the most sensitive indicators of climate change. Mountainous areas, with their characteristic snow and glacier cover, have long been recognized as special hydrological environments, receiving above-average amounts of precipitation. The streams originating in the mountains, nourished with distinct seasonal variations, provide water for the populations of the adjacent lowland. Little is known about the effect of climate change on snow and glacier hydrology and glacier mass balance in the Laohugou Glacier Basin (LHGB) over the past 50 years. A study of the glacier basin was performed to quantify the expected impact of climate change on the hydrology in the north-eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The DEM (Digital Elevation Model) data, daily temperature, daily precipitation, and evaporation data were applied to force the HBV (Hydrologiska Byrans Vattenbalansavdelning)-light conceptual model to simulate runoff depth and glacier mass balance in the historical period (1959–2015). A genetic calibration algorithm approach (GAP method) was used to obtain parameter sets that reproduced observed runoff depth well. The results suggested a drastic increase of the runoff depth from 1995 to 2015 in the Laohugou glacier basin driven by increased temperature. Temperature and precipitation increased by 0.40 °C (10a)−1 and 1.6 mm·a−1 (p < 0.01), respectively, at AWS1 (the automatic weather station at 4192 m a.s.l. near the hydrological station) in the LHGB from 1959 to 2015. The simulated runoff depth increased at 5.7 mm·a−1 (p < 0.01), the glacier mass balance (GMB) of the LHGB was −280.5 mm·a−1, and the overall glacier mass balance was −17.55 m w.e. from 1959 to 2015. The runoff is found to be more sensitive to the variation of temperature than the variation of precipitation. When the glacier area is decreased by 10%, 53%, and 100%, the peak runoff (July) decreased by 20.4%, 54.2%, and 72.3% relative to the baseline, respectively. In the future climate, the function of glaciers in compensating a potential low flow and regulating peak flow will be weakened in the critical months.

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Modeling Glacier Mass Balance and Runoff in the Koxkar River Basin on the South Slope of the Tianshan Mountains, China, from 1959 to 2009

Cited by 14 publications

References 32 publications

How long will an Arctic mountain glacier survive? A case study of Austre Lovénbreen, Svalbard

How long will an Arctic mountain glacier survive? A case study of Austre Lovénbreen, Svalbard

Different patterns of changes in glacier mass balance and glacier runoff over the Tarim Basin, Central Asia

Simulation of Runoff and Glacier Mass Balance and Sensitivity Analysis in a Glacierized Basin, North-Eastern Qinhai-Tibetan Plateau, China

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