Modeling Resilience to Damage in Multiple Sclerosis: Plasticity Meets Connectivity

Bassi, Mario Stampanoni; Iezzi, Ennio; Pavone, Luigi; Mandolesi, Georgia; Musella, Alessandra; Gentile, Antonietta; Gilio, Luana; Centonze, Diego; Buttari, Fabio

doi:10.3390/ijms21010143

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 99 publications

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“…SC-based therapy and hair bio-engineering have risen tremendous expectations for alopecia treatment, which provides a new resource and advances hair growth. Clinically, the use of micrografts containing autologous human hair follicle mesenchymal stem cells (HF-MSCs) is considered as a safe and viable treatment alternative against alopecia [ 238 , 239 ]. It has been reported that the injection of HFSCs preparations in AGA patients could increase their hair count and hair density up to baseline values [ 240 ].…”

Section: Clinical Applications Based On the Survival And Death Pathways In Hfscsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic summary of survival and death signalling during the life of hair follicle stem cells

Zhang

et al. 2021

Stem Cell Res Ther

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Hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs) are among the most widely available resources and most frequently approved model systems used for studying adult stem cells. HFSCs are particularly useful because of their self-renewal and differentiation properties. Additionally, the cyclic growth of hair follicles is driven by HFSCs. There are high expectations for the use of HFSCs as favourable systems for studying the molecular mechanisms that contribute to HFSC identification and can be applied to hair loss therapy, such as the activation or regeneration of hair follicles, and to the generation of hair using a tissue-engineering strategy. A variety of molecules are involved in the networks that critically regulate the fate of HFSCs, such as factors in hair follicle growth and development (in the Wnt pathway, Sonic hedgehog pathway, Notch pathway, and BMP pathway), and that suppress apoptotic cues (the apoptosis pathway). Here, we review the life cycle, biomarkers and functions of HFSCs, concluding with a summary of the signalling pathways involved in HFSC fate for promoting better understanding of the pathophysiological changes in the HFSC niche. Importantly, we highlight the potential mechanisms underlying the therapeutic targets involved in pathways associated with the treatment of hair loss and other disorders of skin and hair, including alopecia, skin cancer, skin inflammation, and skin wound healing.

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Section: Clinical Applications Based On the Survival And Death Pathways In Hfscsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic summary of survival and death signalling during the life of hair follicle stem cells

Zhang

et al. 2021

Stem Cell Res Ther

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“…ADSC, an abundant type of MSCs, possessing potent regenerative and immunomodulatory activities are proposed as a therapeutic option for the treatment of COVID-19. ADSCs are known to proliferate and differentiate into various cells to repair damaged or dead cells, but also act by an autocrine and paracrine pathway to activate cell regeneration and the healing process [ 14 , 31 ]. They have the advantage of being abundant, easy to obtain and especially less immunogenic due to their low expression of the major histocompatibility complex I (MHC I) molecules and the lack of the MHC II and costimulatory molecules expression.…”

Section: Adipose Derived Stem Cells (Adscs) and Their Exosomes Therapeutic Usementioning

confidence: 99%

Exosomes contribution in COVID-19 patients’ treatment

2021

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Adipose cell-free derivatives have been recently gaining attention as potential therapeutic agents for various human diseases. In this context, mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs), adipocyte mesenchymal stem cells (Ad-MSCs) and adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC) possessing potent immunomodulatory activities are proposed as a therapeutic option for the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The COVID-19 represents a global concern of public health caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in which there is not actually any specific therapy. MSCs exert an immunomodulation effect due to the secretion of endogenous factors, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), insulin growth factor (IGF), and nerve growth factor (NGF), transforming growth factor (TGF)-β and growth differentiation factor (GDF)-11. Recent reports are promising for further studies and clinical applications of ADSCs and Ad-MSCs in COVID-19 patients. Experimental and clinical studies are exploring the therapeutic potential of both MSCs and derived-exosomes in moderating the morbidity and mortality of COVID-19. In this field, more preclinical and clinical studies are warranted to find an effective treatment for the patients suffering from COVID-19 infection.

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“…Network studies in MS have been motivated in part by the hope that they could contribute to a solution of this problem ( Chard et al, 2021 ). It is of particular interest that some reviews have pointed to the importance of hubs in network failure in MS ( Schoonheim et al, 2022 ; Stampanoni Bassi et al, 2019 ). Here I investigate the evidence for hub involvement in structural and functional networks in MS, and the implications of this for cognitive dysfunction and fatigue.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hub overload and failure as a final common pathway in neurological brain network disorders

Stam

2024

Network Neuroscience

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Understanding the concept of network hubs and their role in brain disease is now rapidly becoming important for clinical neurology. Hub nodes in brain networks are areas highly connected to the rest of the brain, which handle a large part of all the network traffic. They also show high levels of neural activity and metabolism, which makes them vulnerable to many different types of pathology. The present review examines recent evidence for the prevalence and nature of hub involvement in a variety of neurological disorders, emphasizing common themes across different types of pathology. In focal epilepsy pathological hubs may play a role in spreading of seizure activity, and removal of such hub nodes is associated with improved outcome. In stroke damage to hubs is associated with impaired cognitive recovery. Breakdown of optimal brain network organization in multiple sclerosis is accompanied by cognitive dysfunction. In Alzheimer’s disease hyperactive hub nodes are directly associated with amyloid beta and tau pathology. Early and reliable detection of hub pathology and disturbed connectivity in Alzheimer’s disease with imaging and neurophysiological techniques opens up opportunities to detect patients with a network hyperexcitability profile, who could benefit from treatment with anti-epileptic drugs.

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Modeling Resilience to Damage in Multiple Sclerosis: Plasticity Meets Connectivity

Cited by 12 publications

References 99 publications

A systematic summary of survival and death signalling during the life of hair follicle stem cells

A systematic summary of survival and death signalling during the life of hair follicle stem cells

Exosomes contribution in COVID-19 patients’ treatment

Hub overload and failure as a final common pathway in neurological brain network disorders

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