Modeling the processes of electrophoretic transfer for spherical nanoclusters of iron-molybdenum polyoxometalates

The use of nanocluster polyoxometalates in the bioactive substance delivery systems

“…The content of iron, reflecting the concentration of POM after the electric transport of Mo 72 Fe 30 , was significantly higher than in the intact sample. The POM content in the skin has its maximum, which confirms the possibility of accumulation [351], localized in the region preceding the zone of the maximally dense capillary network (Fig. 6), through which the enhanced POM outflow into the circulatory system is possible.…”

“…9a) over time and its drop with the advance deeper into the skin may be due to a strong POM outflow from the inner boundary (the anode space). In this case, a sharp Dependence of the POM specific electrical conductivity on the concentration (c) in the membrane [351] increase in the POM concentration in the upper layer of the membrane already at the initial moments of time, accompanied by a decrease in electrical conductivity to the minimum values ( Fig. 9b), leads to the situation when further on the penetration of POM into the membrane proceeds due to chemical diffusion, and this fact indicates the formation of a POM depot in the membrane.…”

“…The Mo 72 Fe 30 transfer through the skin was theoretically modeled in [351]. The basic initial data for modeling the POM transfer process were taken from the results of experiments from [349] performed in the absence of a difference in potentials and with the application of an electric field, which show an increase in the POM concentration during the observation time (45 minutes).…”

“…The concentration in the trans-membrane solution was assumed to be zero. In such an approximation, the process of electrodiffusion of the charged particles (in particular, of POM particles) obeys the Nernst-Planck equation [351]. The Nernst-Planck equation was solved numerically.…”

“…Since the Mo 72 Fe 30 nanocluster exists in solution in the ionized form, its movement can be controlled by means of an electric field, and therefore, its introduction into the body by iontophoresis is possible. For instance, in vitro and in vivo experiments (on rats) have demonstrated that Mo 72 Fe 30 is transferred through the skin under the action of an electric field of the corresponding polarity more rapidly than during passive transfer [349][350][351]. The electrophoretic (iontophoretic) drug administration method has several advantages compared with injection methods of administration, e.g., non-invasive nature of the procedure, i.e., no disruption of the body's natural barriers during the procedure; a possibility to have a predominantly local impact, and to achieve a prolonged action due to the creation of a drug depot in tissues, etc.…”