Modelling and experimental validation of an algorithm for simulation of hysteresis effects in phase change materials for building components

Goia, Francesco; Chaudhary, Gaurav; Fantucci, Stefano

doi:10.1016/j.enbuild.2018.06.001

Cited by 52 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Thus, they can be directly parametrized based on heat capacity data from complete melting and solidification experiments, as discussed e.g. by Goia, Chaudhary, and Fantucci (2018) and Barz and Sommer (2018) for data obtained from DSC.…”

Section: Hysteresis Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Established building performance simulation tools mostly ignore complex phase transition characteristics, relevant for many commercial PCM used in real applications (Al-Saadi and Zhai 2013). A major shortcoming of these simulation tools is the lack of suitable models for the description of thermal hysteresis (Goia, Chaudhary, and Fantucci 2018). Thermal hysteresis effects are complex in nature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phenomenological modelling of phase transitions with hysteresis in solid/liquid PCM

Barz

Emhofer

Marx

et al. 2019

Journal of Building Performance Simulation

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Technical-grade and mixed solid/liquid phase change materials (PCM) typically melt and solidify over a temperature range, sometimes exhibiting thermal hysteresis. Three phenomenological phase transition models are presented which are directly parametrized using data from complete melting and solidification experiments. They predict hysteresis phenomena and are used to calculate effective PCM properties. Two models have already been implemented in commercial building simulation and/or multiphysics software, but not the third novel model. Applications are presented for two commercial PCM: a paraffin, and a salt water mixture with additives. Numerical implementation aspects are discussed, and significant differences in the predicted absorbed and released heat are highlighted when simulating consecutive incomplete phase transitions. The models are linked with energy balance equations to predict recorded PCM temperatures of a thermal energy storage. The cross-validation with data from 26 partial load conditions clearly indicate a superior predictive performance of the novel hysteresis model.

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Section: Hysteresis Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenomenological modelling of phase transitions with hysteresis in solid/liquid PCM

Barz

Emhofer

Marx

et al. 2019

Journal of Building Performance Simulation

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“…One of the first papers on the new hysteresis algorithm embedded in EnergyPlus™ was written by Goia et al [32]. Unfortunately, the hysteresis algorithm was only briefly highlighted in this paper, and the authors' input data was not presented.…”

Section: Pcm Hysteresismentioning

confidence: 98%

Novel Simulation Algorithm for Modeling the Hysteresis of Phase Change Materials

2020

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Latent heat thermal energy storage (LHTES) using phase change materials (PCM) is one of the most promising ways for thermal energy storage (TES), especially in lightweight buildings. However, accurate control of the phase transition of PCM is not easy to predict. For example, neglecting the hysteresis or the effect of the speed of phase change processes reduces the accuracy of simulations of TES. In this paper, the authors propose a new software module for EnergyPlus™ that aims to simulate the hysteresis of PCMs during the phase change. The new module is tested by comparing simulation results with experimental tests done in a climatic chamber. A strong consistency between experimental and simulation results was obtained, while a discrepancy error of less than 1% was obtained. Moreover, in real conditions, as a result of quick temperature changes, only a partial phase transformation of the material is often observed. The new model also allows the consideration of the case with partial phase changes of the PCM. Finally, the simulation algorithm presented in this article aims to represent a better way to model LHTES with PCM.

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“…In the actuator industry, it is common to model the actuator movement as hysteresis [8]. The PCMs have been modelled in building structures as a thermal hysteresis as well [11]. The characteristics of the paraffin wax used in the actuators have been analysed in several articles [12]- [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling of Wax Actuators in Underfloor Heating Manifolds

2021

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Finding sources for power grid balancing has become increasingly important with more renewables used for production. In buildings, heat pumps could be utilized among other electrical appliances. The heat pumps would work at full power to balance the overproduction in the grid. However, short-term grid flexibility announces the consumption need up to 5 minutes in advance, which can prove a problem to control. When there is no current energy need in the building, all valves are closed. That means that when a heat pump with overridden control starts working at the maximum frequency, its full power heats up the local circuit very fast, especially when there is no storage tank. Whether the heat pump overheats and cannot be used for balancing the grid or the whole system opens for heating depends on the regulating valves and their opening speed. For underfloor heating systems, the valve opening speed is slower than for other systems as wax actuators are used. This paper focuses on how to model these wax actuators and determine the opening time to provide input for further studies on flexibility. A physical and a linear segment model are parameterized and the results show that the wax actuator fully opens the valve in six minutes.

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Modelling and experimental validation of an algorithm for simulation of hysteresis effects in phase change materials for building components

Cited by 52 publications

References 27 publications

Phenomenological modelling of phase transitions with hysteresis in solid/liquid PCM

Phenomenological modelling of phase transitions with hysteresis in solid/liquid PCM

Novel Simulation Algorithm for Modeling the Hysteresis of Phase Change Materials

Modelling of Wax Actuators in Underfloor Heating Manifolds

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