Modelling and Simulation of Biodiesel from Various Feedstocks into Compression Ignition Engine

Kaisan, Muhammad Usman; Abubakar, Shitu; Anafi, Fatai O.; Umaru, Samaila; Shameer, P. Mohamed; Umar, Usman Aliyu; Narayan, Seema; Nishath, P. Mohamed; Mary, J. Senophiyah

doi:10.1007/978-981-32-9228-4_9

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 16 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“… 28 Propanol is also considered as one of the alternative fuels for an internal combustion engine for its relatively less toxicity compared to other alcohols and has favorable physicochemical properties. 29 − 32 , 39 A number of literature studies were reported on the application of oxygenate fuels blended with gasoline. Yusri et al 29 reported that the internal combustion engine has different performance outcomes, but the alcohol fuels are capable of reducing the engine emissions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Oxygenated fuel is used to improve fuel properties, combustion quality, and octane rating in an SI engine. ,,− The oxygenated fuels commonly used are ethanol, methanol, butanol, propanol, etc . The oxygenates aid the combustion of fuel in an SI engine and consequently reduces the engine emissions. − …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Besides being used as an additive to gasoline fuel, it also has many pharmaceutical applications such as topical analgesic, antiseptic, antispasmodic, antipruritic, anti-inflammatory, anti-infective, contraceptive, mild expectorant, nasal decongestant, cough suppressant, and so forth . Propanol is also considered as one of the alternative fuels for an internal combustion engine for its relatively less toxicity compared to other alcohols and has favorable physicochemical properties. − , A number of literature studies were reported on the application of oxygenate fuels blended with gasoline. Yusri et al reported that the internal combustion engine has different performance outcomes, but the alcohol fuels are capable of reducing the engine emissions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Effects of Propanol and Camphor Blended with Gasoline Fuel on the Performance and Emissions of a Spark Ignition Engine

et al. 2020

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this research, the performance and emissions of a four-stroke spark ignition engine fuelled with varying proportion of propanol-camphor and gasoline blends were investigated. The physicochemical properties such as specific gravity, viscosity, fire point, flash point, and iodine value (I.V.) of the blends were determined, and the values obtained conform to the ASTM standard. Sample P0B (100% of pure gasoline and 5 g of camphor) had the best physicochemical property values higher than those of the least sample of P15B by the following percentages: specific gravity (0.5%), viscosity (30.8%), fire point (5.08%), flash point (21.8%), and I.V. sample (0.5%). Also, the engine performance parameters such as brake power, brake thermal efficiency, brake mean effective pressure (BMEP), and specific fuel consumption were generated from the engine-measured parameters. Sample P0B has the best specific fuel consumption for the torque of 3 N m with a value of 22.77 kg/kW h, and sample P0A (100% of pure gasoline) has the best fuel consumption for a torque of 6 N m with a value of 12.52 kg/kW h. For brake thermal efficiency, sample P0B gives the best brake thermal efficiency at the two constant torques with a value of 0.36 for torque 3 N m and 0.67 for torque 6 N m. Sample P15C (85% of gasoline, 15% of propanol, and 5 g of camphor) gives the best BMEP at torque 3 N m with a value of 1.92 bar, and sample P5C (95% of gasoline, 5% of propanol, and 10 g of camphor) gives the best BMEP at 6 N m with a value of 3.85 bar. Exhaust emissions were analyzed for unburned hydrocarbon (HC), carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), and nitrogen oxide (NOx). The results showed that increasing the blending percentage reduces the emitted concentration of CO, HC, and NOx. Carbon monoxide emission was found to be lowest at sample P10A (90% of gasoline and 10% of propanol) for torque 3 N m with a value of 0.16, and at torque 6 N m, the sample with the lowest percentage was P15C with a percentage of 0.21.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effects of Propanol and Camphor Blended with Gasoline Fuel on the Performance and Emissions of a Spark Ignition Engine

et al. 2020

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In the last two decades, considerable research has been undertaken using different catalysts aimed at obtaining specific FAME profiles and qualities [274][275][276]. However, in the literature surveyed the role of catalysts in the qualitative impact of catalysts is not clear [277], while the quantitative (yield) role impact of catalysts has been exhaustively discussed [211,278]. Therefore, researchers are still faced with limited understanding in this area of catalyst behavior when under dynamic reaction operating conditions [279].…”

Section: Effect Of Base and Acid Catalyzed Reaction On Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (Fame) Yieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All these occur in a molecular state due to the regular crystalline channels, which help to form shape selective reactions [356]. A number of researchers such as [278,[357][358][359][360][361] have reported research.…”

Section: Zeolite Based Catalysts In the Production Of Biodieselmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of sustainable biodiesel production using biomass derived heterogeneous catalysts

Maroa

Inambao

2021

Engineering in Life Sciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The production of biodiesel through chemical production processes of transesterification reaction depends on suitable catalysts to hasten the chemical reactions. Therefore, the initial selection of catalysts is critical although it is also dependent on the quantity of free fatty acids in a given sample of oil. Earlier forms of biodiesel production processes relied on homogeneous catalysts, which have undesirable effects such as toxicity, high flammability, corrosion, by-products such as soap and glycerol, and high wastewater. Heterogeneous catalysts overcome most of these problems. Recent developments involve novel approaches using biomass and bio-waste resource derived heterogeneous catalysts. These catalysts are renewable, non-toxic, reusable, offer high catalytic activity and stability in both acidic and base conditions, and show high tolerance properties to water. This review work critically reviews biomass-based heterogeneous catalysts, especially those utilized in sustainable production of biofuel and biodiesel. This review examines the sustainability of these catalysts in literature in terms of small-scale laboratory and industrial applications in large-scale biodiesel and biofuel production. Furthermore, this work will critically review natural heterogeneous biomass waste and bio-waste catalysts in relation to upcoming nanotechnologies. Finally, this work will review the gaps identified in the literature for heterogeneous catalysts derived from biomass and other biocatalysts with a view to identifying future prospects for heterogeneous catalysts.Abbreviations: Al 2 O 3 , aluminum oxide; Ba, barium; BaO, barium oxide; C=O, carbonyl group; Ca, calcium; Ca 10 (PO 4 ) 6 (OH) 2 , HAP, hydroxyapatite; Ca 2 FeO 5 , calcium ferrite oxide; CaCO 3 , calcium carbonate; CaMg (CO 3 )2, dolomite; CaMnO 3 , orthorhombic perovskite; CaO, calcium oxide; CaO-CeO 2 , cerium (IV) oxide; CaTiO 3 , calcium titanate; CaZrO 3 , calcium zirconate; CH 3 OK, potassium methoxide; CH 3 ONa, sodium methoxide; CO 2 , carbon dioxide; COOH, carboxylic group; CsZrO 2 , chitoson zirconium oxide; DNA, deoxyribonucleic acid; FAAE, fatty acid alkyl esters; FAME, fatty acid methyl ester; Fe 3 O 4 , magnetic oxide (magnetite); FeCl 3 , ferric chloride; FFA, free fatty acid; FTIR, Fourier transform infrared; H 2 SO 4 , sulfuric acid; H 3 PO 4 , phosphoric acid; HCL, hydrochloric acid; HCs, hydrocarbons; HTHP, higher temperatures and pressure; K 2 CO 3 , potassium carbonate; K 2 O, potassium oxide; KF, potassium fluoride; KI, potassium iodide; KNO 3 , potassium nitrate; KOH, potassium hydroxide; La 2 O 3 , lanthanum oxide; Li/ZnO, lithium (Li) doped zinc oxide;

show abstract

Investigating the Effects of Pentanol and Biodiesel Blends on the Performance and Emission Characteristic of Compression Ignition Engine

Ibrahim¹,

Idris²,

Hussain³

et al. 2021

Nig. J. Technol. Dev.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Emissions from use of fossil fuels have consistently posed significant threat to the environment and wellbeing of man. This has prompted several studies aimed at finding solution to the emissions and their effects. The aim of this research is to investigate the effect of adding pentanol and biodiesel from Moringa Oleifera seed to pure diesel content of 70% by volume. pentanol and biodiesel make up the remaining 30 percent by volume and were also varied, with pentanol percentage being increased from 2 percent to 8 percent so as to carefully monitored the effects of adding pentanol while the Moringa oleifera biodiesel made up the balance for the 30%. These blends were labelled according to the percentage composition of biodiesel and pentanol (B28P2, B26P4, B24P6, B24P6, and B22P8). The physicochemical properties of all blends such as viscosity, density, pour point, acid value and iodine value determined. From the result of the engine performance and emission tests, B24P6 blend has been noted to have the best engine performance parameters, haven shown the best engine brake power of 19.787 kW, and with the highest engine brake thermal efficiency of 19.78%.While in term of engine emission, B22P8 blend, have the lowest Nitrogen oxide (NOx) emission, with a value of 82.4994 ppm which is about 3% lower than that of pure diesel, while B26P4 have the lowest carbon monoxide (CO) emission among all the samples tested with value of 6.1556 ppm which is about 58% lower than that of Petro diesel. However, blends appeared to have good brake mean effective pressure except for B22P8 which have the lowest BMEP, that’s about 2.8% lower than that of Petro diesels. Conclusively, the addition of Moringa oleifera biodiesel with pentanol improved the diesel quality, yielding good improvement in engine performance and emission. Keywords: Diesel, biodiesel, pentanol, biofuel blends, Moringa oleifera seed, engine emissions

show abstract

Modelling and Simulation of Biodiesel from Various Feedstocks into Compression Ignition Engine

Cited by 3 publications

References 16 publications

Effects of Propanol and Camphor Blended with Gasoline Fuel on the Performance and Emissions of a Spark Ignition Engine

Effects of Propanol and Camphor Blended with Gasoline Fuel on the Performance and Emissions of a Spark Ignition Engine

A review of sustainable biodiesel production using biomass derived heterogeneous catalysts

Investigating the Effects of Pentanol and Biodiesel Blends on the Performance and Emission Characteristic of Compression Ignition Engine

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About