Modelling Immovable Asset in 3d Using Citygml 3.0 Concept to Support Smart City Initiatives

Abstract

Abstract. Urbanization phenomenon is a key role that contributes to the smart cities development. The expansion of urban growth requires everything to be smart and controlled by advance technology for efficient urban management. One of the important aspects that often overlooked in realizing smart cities is asset management. Asset management is an approach for managing, monitoring and maintenance of assets. Previous studies showed that there are several efforts in managing asset by integrating the asset with Geographic Information System (GIS). However, several limitations can be seen from the studies such as unavailability of real visualization and limitation on asset descriptions although we believe that 3D offers rich information and real visualization for asset management practice. Therefore, to achieve an effective asset management, we proposed to conceptualize the asset with the latest version of CityGML 3.0. The aim of this paper is to model the immovable asset using CityGML 3.0 concept. We adopted the concept of occupied and unoccupied spaces to model the public hall, owned by Johor Bahru City Council (MBJB). The hall was modelled based on point cloud data set from Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS) and Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV). The attribute data for the hall was stored in 3DCityDB for information retrieval and query. The result showed that the hall was successfully visualized and information regarding the asset can be retrieved. With this approach, it is believed that an effective 3D asset management system can be developed in the future, to ensure adequate system performance and effective cost operational.

A review on the GIS usage in spatio-temporal risk assessment in asset management

“…In 3D GIS, 3D city models are a digital representation of physical objects such as buildings in lightweight formats such as GML and JSON. The 3D model will need to be generated from point clouds collected from various laser scanning platform using 3D modelling software before being converted into other formats such as CityGML [22] or CityJSON [23].…”

“…Aside from obtaining point clouds directly from laser scanning devices, the point cloud can be generated using an image-based approach. Basically, the images were captured, typically by using airborne platforms such as a UAV [22], [24]. To generate the point cloud, the resultant image captured from UAV needs to undergo image processing using Structure from Motion (SfM) photogrammetric software to reconstruct the two-dimensional image to a three-dimensional view of an object through the generation of point clouds [25].…”

3D Modelling of Modern Urban Building Complexes and Sub-units Concept in 3D Cadastre

“…Among the possible applications for this city model are urban environment studies such as determining the impact of urban heat islands [8,9], sensor placement in a city's 3D environment [10], city model integration and Building Information Modeling (BIM) [11], and also conservation of urban heritage buildings [7,12]. Without a well-designed city model, the city model's functionality is limited and cannot be used for further analysis (i.e., [13,14]).…”