Modelling Load-Changing Attacks in Cyber-Physical Systems

Arnaboldi, Luca; Czekster, Ricardo M.; Morisset, Charles; Metere, Roberto

doi:10.1016/j.entcs.2020.09.018

Cited by 23 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Finally, a version of LAA, called load-changing attack, has been discussed by Arnaboldi et al in [114] (and previously, e.g., in References [10,11] in [114]). In these works, the attacker takes control of a large number of power devices (e.g., household appliances, electric vehicles, etc.…”

Section: Load Altering Attacksmentioning

confidence: 98%

Review of Cyber-Physical Attacks in Smart Grids: A System-Theoretic Perspective

2021

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This paper presents a review of technical works in the field of cyber-physical attacks on the smart grid. The paper starts by discussing two reference mathematical frameworks proposed in the literature to model a smart grid under attack. Then, a review of cyber-physical attacks on the smart grid is presented, starting from works on false data injection attacks against state estimation. The aim is to present a systematic and quantitative discussion of the basic working principles of the attacks, also in terms of the inner smart grid vulnerabilities and dynamical properties exploited by the attack. The main contribution of the paper is the attempt to provide a unifying view, highlighting the fundamental aspects and the common working principles shared by the attack models, even when targeting different subsystems of the smart grid.

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Section: Load Altering Attacksmentioning

confidence: 98%

Review of Cyber-Physical Attacks in Smart Grids: A System-Theoretic Perspective

2021

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“…It can also harm the effective grid functioning ( [1], [36], [37]). Recent studies in the area reveal various cyber-attacks such as False data injection attacks ( [27], [38], [39]), Denialof-service attacks identified by ( [40], [41]), Distributed Denial of Service attack indicated by [42], Man-in-the-middle attack [6], Malware Attack by ( [43], [44]), State Estimation attack [45], and Price manipulation and Misrepresentation of values attack [1] Coordinated ( [10], [43]), etc.…”

Section: F Cyber-attackmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting Cyber-Attack using Cyber Situational Awareness: The Case of Independent Power Producers (IPPs)

Matey¹,

Danquah²,

Koi-Akrofi³

2022

IJACSA

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The increasing critical dependencies on Internetof-Things (IoT) have raised security concerns; its application on the critical infrastructures (CIs) for power generation has come under massive cyber-attack over the years. Prior research efforts to understand cybersecurity from Cyber Situational Awareness (CSA) perspective fail to critically consider the various Cyber Situational Awareness (CSA) security vulnerabilities from a human behavioural perspective in line with the CI. This study evaluates CSA elements to predict cyber-attacks in the power generation sector. Data for this research article was collected from IPPs using the survey method. The analysis method was employed through Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to assess the proposed model. The results revealed negative effects on people and cyber-attack, but significant in predicting cyber-attacks. The study also indicated that information handling is significant and positively influences cyber-attack. The study also reveals no mediation effect between the association of People and Attack and Information and Attack. It could result from an effective cyber security control implemented by the IPPs. Finally, the study also shows no sign of network infrastructure cyber-attack predictions. The reasons could be because managers of IPPs had adequate access policies and security measures in place.

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“…This case is the power dynamics management of the IBM disk drive [ 38 , 39 ]. It is a typical MCPS, and can be used for various areas, e.g., multi-robot collaboration.…”

Section: Experimentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Counterexample Generation for Probabilistic Model Checking Micro-Scale Cyber-Physical Systems

Liu

Yang

et al. 2021

Micromachines

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Micro-scale Cyber-Physical Systems (MCPSs) can be automatically and formally estimated by probabilistic model checking, on the level of system model MDPs (Markov Decision Processes) against desired requirements in PCTL (Probabilistic Computation Tree Logic). The counterexamples in probabilistic model checking are witnesses of requirements violation, which can provide the meaningful information for debugging, control, and synthesis of MCPSs. Solving the smallest counterexample for probabilistic model checking MDP has been proven to be an NPC (Non-deterministic Polynomial complete) problem. Although some heuristic methods are designed for this, it is usually difficult to fix the heuristic functions. In this paper, the Genetic algorithm optimized with heuristic, i.e., the heuristic Genetic algorithm, is firstly proposed to generate a counterexample for the probabilistic model checking MDP model of MCPSs. The diagnostic subgraph serves as a compact counterexample, and diagnostic paths of MDP constitute an AND/OR tree for constructing a diagnostic subgraph. Indirect path coding of the Genetic algorithm is used to extend the search range of the state space, and a heuristic crossover operator is used to generate more effective diagnostic paths. A prototype tool based on the probabilistic model checker PAT is developed, and some cases (dynamic power management and some communication protocols) are used to illustrate its feasibility and efficiency.

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Modelling Load-Changing Attacks in Cyber-Physical Systems

Cited by 23 publications

References 18 publications

Review of Cyber-Physical Attacks in Smart Grids: A System-Theoretic Perspective

Review of Cyber-Physical Attacks in Smart Grids: A System-Theoretic Perspective

Predicting Cyber-Attack using Cyber Situational Awareness: The Case of Independent Power Producers (IPPs)

Counterexample Generation for Probabilistic Model Checking Micro-Scale Cyber-Physical Systems

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