Modelling Local Sea-Breeze Flow and Associated Dispersion Patterns Over a Coastal Area in North-East Spain: A Case Study

In this contribution, we calibrate the meteorological model weather and research forecasting (WRF) for operational forecasting in the Port of Huelva managed by the Authority Port of Huelva. Meteorological forecasting will allow reducing the impact of the meteorological phenomena over weather sensitive activities in the region. Concretely, the meteorological modeling developed will be used to analyze meteorological hazard impacts and to improve the management of the local air quality. To achieve these goals, numerous sensitive analyses corresponding to different model options have been developed. These analyses consider different physical and dynamical options, the coupling of very high resolution physiographic database (topography and land uses), and data assimilation. Comparing experiments, results with observational measures provide us by the Spanish National Meteorology Agency (AEMET). During a representative period, the optimum WRF configuration for the region is obtained. Calibration has been focused on wind due to this is the main risk factor in the region. When the model is satisfactorily calibrated, WRF is evaluated using whole modeling years 2012 and 2013, working with very high horizontal resolution, up to 0.333 km of horizontal grid resolution. Results obtained from the evaluation indicate that the numerical weather prediction system developed has a confidence level of 70% for the temperature, 81% and 66% for the wind speed and wind direction respectively, and 90% for the relative humidity. Methodology designed defines the quality control assurance of high-accuracy forecasting services of Meteosim S.L. R. Arasa et al.330

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“…For this reason in the case of the wind direction a modification of the traditional formula of MB and MAGE has been applied [3] [71] [72].…”

Section: Data Sets and Model Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Defining a Standard Methodology to Obtain Optimum WRF Configuration for Operational Forecast: Application over the Port of Huelva (Southern Spain)

Arasa¹,

Porras²,

Domingo-Dalmau³

et al. 2016

ACS

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“…The SB has been widely studied due to its influence on air quality and pollution (Clappier et al, 2000;Talbot et al, 2007;Borge et al, 2008;Soler et al, 2011;Wang et al, 2013), the generation of wind energy offshore (Steele et al, 2013;Archer et al, 2014), the formation of convective systems and severe weather (Azorín-Molina et al, 2014;Comin et al, 2015), and the forecasting of maximum temperatures in locations close to the shore during hot spells (Meir et al, 2013). Besides, around 40% of the population lives within 100 km of the coast, and therefore its understanding and adequate representation in mesoscale numerical models is highly relevant.…”

Section: Sea Breezesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this chapter we explore the characteristics of this mesoscale phenomenon on the Cantabrian coast of Spain, particularly on the Basque coast. The SB and its characteristics are well studied on the Mediterranean coast of Spain (Ramis and Romero, 1995;Azorín-Molina and Chen, 2009;Soler et al, 2011; Ponce de León and Orfila, 2013), but not so in the Cantabrian coast, perhaps due to a lower prevalence of fair-weather conditions during the summer period. However, it was found that the SB was one of the main drivers of pollution episodes in the industrialised metropolitan area of Bilbao (Alonso et al, 2000).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermally-driven Mesoscale Flows and their Interaction with Atmospheric Boundary Layer Turbulence

Arrillaga

2020

Springer Theses

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Preface 22 2.2 Observational data 22 2.2.1 Basque coast 23 2.2.2 CESAR 25 2.2.3 La Herrería 26 2.3 Methodology 28 2.3.1 Analysis of meteorological data 29 2.3.2 WRF model 30 2.3.3 Mesoscale Selection Algorithm 33-39 3.1 Introduction 40 3.2 Observations 40 3.3 WRF model 41 3.4 Results and discussion 42 3.4.1 Observed SB characteristics 42 3.4.2 SB case study: 6 July 46 3.4.3 Anomalous case: 31 July 55 3.5 Summary and conclusions 63-65 4.1 Introduction 66 ix x Contents 4.2 Observational data 66 4.3 Local scale and mesoscale in Cabauw 68 4.3.1 Ten-year analysis of the ABL 68 4.3.2 SB phenomena 4.4 Sea breeze-turbulence interaction in the ABL 75 4.4.1 How does the ABL respond to the arrival of the SBF? 75 4.4.2 Quantifying the interaction with local turbulence 77 4.5 Impact on scalar transport 87 4.6 Summary and conclusions 90-93 5.1 Introduction 94 5.2 Method 95 5.2.1 WRF model 95 5.2.2 SB selection 95 5.3 Forcings affecting the sea-breeze detection 96 5.4 Assessment of the model performance 97 5.4.1 SB characteristics 97 5.4.2 ABL regimes 99 5.4.3 Impact on turbulence 104 5.5 Discussion and future research 106 :-107 6.1 Introduction 108 6.2 Data 109 6.2.1 Observations 109 6.2.2 Katabatic-event selection 109 6.3 Characteristics of the katabatic flows 110 6.3.1 Wind direction and intensity 110 6.3.2 Factors influencing intensity 113 6.4 Interaction between katabatics and turbulence 118 6.4.1 Turbulence regimes in the SBL 118 6.4.2 Regime transition from non-dimensional parameters 120 6.5 Analysis of representative katabatic events 123 6.5.1 Inspecting individual events 123 6.5.2 Impact of katabatic flows and turbulence on CO 2 126 6.6 Summary and conclusions 130 133 7.1 General conclusions 134 7.2 Final thought and future prospects 136 xi 139 153 155 157 159 161 xix The main conclusions of the thesis are summarised below: • The formation and development of the SB is particularly constrained by the synoptic wind. Katabatic winds are not only influenced by the synoptic wind, but also by the surface-energy balance through alterations in soil moisture. • The interaction between the thermally-driven winds and ABL turbulence occurs in a bidirectional way. Given the distinct spatial scales and influencing factors, that interconnection takes place differently for SB flows and katabatic winds. • The impact of thermally-driven flows on the variability of the CO 2 is mainly explained by changes in turbulent fluxes induced by the breeze-front passage, and horizontal advection, which can be significantly large for intense katabatic flows. • WRF reproduces the main impacts of SBs adequately, although the great overestimation of the sensible-heat flux produces sharper frontal disturbances. On the other hand, an enhanced acceleration of the AET is simulated comparing with observations.

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“…Drobinski et al, 2006;Federico et al, 2010;Azorin-Molina et al, 2011) and to numerical modeling (e.g. Chen et al, 2011;Crosman and Horel, 2010;Grønås and Sandvik, 1998;Papanastasiou et al, 2010a;Rao et al, 2011;Soler et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Continuous detection and characterization of the Sea Breeze in clear sky conditions using Meteosat Second Generation

Lensky

Dayan

2012

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. The sea breeze (SB) is a thermally induced boundary layer phenomenon that occurs at coastal locations throughout the world. Previous satellite remote sensing studies used low-level clouds formed over the sea-breeze convergence zones to identify the SB. In this study continuous thermal infrared data from a geostationary satellite (Meteosat Second Generation) and concurrent field measurements were used to detect and characterize the SB in clear sky conditions during the summer. Surface data (wind speed and direction) from 11 sites over Israel for ten summer days in July 2010 for three different synoptic circulation categories were selected.In order to assess the impact of the synoptic induced flow on the SB, we looked for the best agreement between surface and satellite SB timing. An independent classification of synoptic categories performed for the ten summer days revealed two distinct patterns of the SB. During weak horizontal pressure gradient (Weak Persian Trough and High to the West), which enables full development of the SB, the timing of the SB from satellite and field measurements were well correlated (R 2 = 0.75), as compared to unfavorable atmospheric conditions (Deep Persian Trough) yielding lower value (R 2 = 0.5). The SB was identified by surface measurements in an earlier time of the day, with respect to the satellite column integrated measurements.Visualizing timing of the SB retrieved from satellite data enabled distinction of SB behavior under different synoptic categories. Over desert regions the strong thermal contrast enables detection of the SB even under suppressing synoptic conditions (Deep Persian Trough).This method enables detection and timing of the SB over desert regions where clouds and field measurements are scarce, and is applicable worldwide.

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Modelling Local Sea-Breeze Flow and Associated Dispersion Patterns Over a Coastal Area in North-East Spain: A Case Study

Cited by 34 publications

References 26 publications

Defining a Standard Methodology to Obtain Optimum WRF Configuration for Operational Forecast: Application over the Port of Huelva (Southern Spain)

Defining a Standard Methodology to Obtain Optimum WRF Configuration for Operational Forecast: Application over the Port of Huelva (Southern Spain)

Thermally-driven Mesoscale Flows and their Interaction with Atmospheric Boundary Layer Turbulence

Continuous detection and characterization of the Sea Breeze in clear sky conditions using Meteosat Second Generation

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