Modelling the radionuclide balance in some water bodies of central Italy

Regional-scale application of the decision support system MOIRA-PLUS: an example of assessment of the radiological impact of the Chernobyl accident on the fresh water ecosystem in Italy

“…5e8 report the concentrations of 137 Cs in water of Lakes Vico (Monte et al, 1997) and Maggiore (D'Alberti, 2002;Putyrskaya et al, 2009) and in fish species of Lakes Como and Lugano (Badalamenti et al, 1994).…”

Analysis of radionuclide wash-off from river basins

“…The measurement data from [1- 3,19] were used, together with expression (8), to find Λ = Λ(t) for 137 Cs for rivers in the zone of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant (six rivers), Italy (seven rivers and lakes), France (five rivers), and Germany (one river). The analysis of the measurement data shows that for 137 Cs in 1986-1996 this dependence can be written approximately in the form (9) which corresponds to the indicated time dependence of the depth L non of the non-exchange form of the radionuclides.…”

“…Balance equation can be used to analyze transport in the catchment. Data from many measurements have been generalized for this purpose [1][2][3][4][5][6][7].The following problems are examined in the present article: 1) the determination of the radionuclide wash-off time constant at a given location in the basin; 2) analysis of the radionuclide content in rivers in the zone of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant, Siberia, Italy, France, and Finland to find the wash-off time constant and its time dependence;3) formulation of the transport equation for a radionuclide in a catchment with a constant wash-off time; and 4) determination of the wash-off characteristics for radionuclides in a river and bukhta using the transport equations, including with nonuniform contamination of the catchment.As a result of the radioactive contamination of catchment due to the operation of a nuclear power plant, enterprises reprocessing nuclear fuel, storage facilities for spent nuclear fuel, and bases for re-fueling reactors and salvaging submarines, radionuclides are transported by surface wash-off to a river (bukhta, lake). During this process, some radionuclides decay and only a fraction reaches a river.…”

“…Balance equation can be used to analyze transport in the catchment. Data from many measurements have been generalized for this purpose [1][2][3][4][5][6][7].…”

“…(5) to determine C(x, t). Equation (5) is similar to the equation presented in [3,5] and differs only in the form of the term determining the role of wash-off.…”