Models and Size Effects: A Review

Mohammed, A.; Muazu, N.; Waziri, B. S.; Ahmad, T. Y

doi:10.9790/1684-1203025459

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Other feedstock such as Jatropha curcas having A.V in the range of 6.171 to 29.60% (mg/KOH/g) are considered to be very high A.V. as reported by different authors respectively (Jinlin et al, 2011;Mohammed-Dabo et al, 2012). The A.V value of the corresponding FAMEs of the oil in this study was further reduced to 0.16% due to transesterification.…”

Section: Physic-chemical Properties Of Gossypium Arboreum Oil and Famesmentioning

confidence: 49%

Optimization of Gossypium arboreum seed oil biodiesel production by central composite rotatable model of response surface methodology and evaluation of its fuel properties

Alhassan¹,

Kumar²,

Bugaje³

et al. 2014

J. Pet. Technol. Altern. Fuels

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The need for green based technologies to provide both affordable and environmentally sustainable energy and the ever increasing energy demand of the nations across the globe has led the way for economy based energy research. In this research work, Gossypium arboreum seed oil biodiesel production was optimized using a five-level-three-factor central composite rotatable design model of response surface methodology to study the synergistic and antagonistic effects of the catalyst concentration, reaction temperature and time, using base catalyzed transesterification process. The results indicated suitable vegetable oil properties for a single step transesterification reaction. In addition, the least square reduced cubic model used produced the optimal percentage yield for the optimization, yielding a predicted yield of 94.93±6.92% for catalyst concentration of 0.53% by weight of the oil, 60°C for 105 m. The fuel properties of the samples showed linear regression values of 0.980 and 0.933 for viscosity and specific gravity respectively. The model reliability tests conducted were found to be impressive and conclusively can be for the optimization of the oil under stated conditions.

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Section: Physic-chemical Properties Of Gossypium Arboreum Oil and Famesmentioning

confidence: 49%

Optimization of Gossypium arboreum seed oil biodiesel production by central composite rotatable model of response surface methodology and evaluation of its fuel properties

Alhassan¹,

Kumar²,

Bugaje³

et al. 2014

J. Pet. Technol. Altern. Fuels

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show abstract

“…Numerous researchers investigated the physicochemical and thermal characteristics of Jatropha Curcas oil. For example, Mohammed-Dabo et al (Mohammed-Dabo et al, 2012) evaluated the fatty free acid (FFA) content, viscosity, calorific value, acid, iodine, saponification parameters, and cetane number of Nigerian Jatropha Curcas seed oil. Table 3 shows the key physicochemical characteristics of raw Jatropha Curcas oil provided by important studies.…”

Section: Delazar Et Al (2012)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Progress of Jatropha Curcas Commoditisation as Biodiesel Feedstock: A Comprehensive Review

et al. 2022

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This article looks at the national and global actors, social networks, and narratives that have influenced Jatropha’s worldwide acceptability as a biofuel crop. Jatropha Curcas is a genus of around 175 succulent shrubs and trees in the Euphorbiaceae family (some of which are deciduous, such as Jatropha Curcas L.). It’s a drought-tolerant perennial that thrives in poor or marginal soil and produces a large amount of oil per hectare. It is easy to grow, has a fast growth rate, and can generate seeds for up to 50 years. Jatropha Curcas has been developed as a unique and promising tropical plant for augmenting renewable energy sources due to its various benefits. It is deserving of being recognised as the only competitor in terms of concrete and intangible environmental advantages. Jatropha Curcas is a low-cost biodiesel feedstock with good fuel properties and more oil than other species. It is a non-edible oilseed feedstock. Thus it will have no impact on food prices or the food vs fuel debate. Jatropha Curcas emits fewer pollutants than diesel and may be used in diesel engines with equivalent performance. Jatropha Curcas also makes a substantial contribution to the betterment of rural life. The plant may also provide up to 40% oil yield per seed based on weight. This study looks at the features characteristics of Jatropha Curcas as biodiesel feedstock and performance, and emissions of internal combustion engine that operates on this biodiesel fuel.

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“…Since then, undertaken experiments introduced a new relation between two concepts until now separated: size and statistics [179]. Size effects were a statistical issue since probability of discontinuities in scaling may occur in materials.…”

Section: Size Effects and Fractalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review on experimental research using scale models for buildings: Application and methodologies

Lirola

Castañeda

Lauret

et al. 2017

Energy and Buildings

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a b s t r a c tA complete review on scale model testing for buildings, considering a wide range of methodologies and new manufacturing techniques, in areas such as statics and dynamics, acoustics, lighting, aerodynamics and thermodynamics for energy efficiency is presented. On the one hand, scale model testing for buildings require different considerations and techniques and are usually focused on one specific physical field contributing to the information scattering. On the other hand, they are sometimes too general, theoretical or unpractical. Although commercial computer simulations are first option among professionals, they necessarily simplify complex phenomena and ignore, among other aspects, size effects and latest findings in fractals. The potential of complementary experiments using new manufactured scale models for buildings is raising, however, it is still missing a practical overview through different physical fields specifically for buildings with these considerations. This review gives a wide perspective and unified scope on uses and possibilities of scale model testing for buildings, from the traditional configurations of Leon Battiste Alberti to new possibilities applying complex physics and new techniques of 3D-modelling.

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Models and Size Effects: A Review

Cited by 7 publications

References 11 publications

Optimization of Gossypium arboreum seed oil biodiesel production by central composite rotatable model of response surface methodology and evaluation of its fuel properties

Optimization of Gossypium arboreum seed oil biodiesel production by central composite rotatable model of response surface methodology and evaluation of its fuel properties

Current Progress of Jatropha Curcas Commoditisation as Biodiesel Feedstock: A Comprehensive Review

A review on experimental research using scale models for buildings: Application and methodologies

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