Moderate calorie restriction during gestation programs offspring for lower BAT thermogenic capacity driven by thyroid and sympathetic signaling

Abstract

These results suggest that BAT thermogenic capacity is diminished in CR animals, involving impaired BAT sympathetic innervation and thyroid hormone signaling. These alterations make animals more sensitive to cold and may contribute to long-term outcomes of gestational calorie restriction in promoting obesity and related metabolic alterations.

Hesperidin and capsaicin, but not the combination, prevent hepatic steatosis and other metabolic syndrome-related alterations in western diet-fed rats

“…Protein levels of adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) (Cayman, Michigan, USA), CPT1 (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc., Heidelberg, Germany), LPL (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc.), INSRβ (Cell Signaling Technology, Leiden, The Netherlands), TRPV1 (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Madrid, Spain) and UCP2 (Abcam, Cambridge, UK) in liver or rWAT were determined by western blot. Tissues were homogenized at 4 °C in 1:10 (w:v) for liver and 1:2 (w:v) for rWAT of phosphate buffer saline, and then processed for western blot as previously described 54 with some modifications. For analysis, 50 or 60 µg total protein was fractionated by a 10% or a 4–15% SDS-PAGE (Criterion TM TGX TM , Bio-Rad Laboratories, Madrid, Spain) and then electrotransferred onto nitrocellulose membrane (Bio-Rad Laboratories).…”

Pectin supplementation in rats mitigates age‐related impairment in insulin and leptin sensitivity independently of reducing food intake

“…Real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR) was used to measure mRNA expression levels of: Insr , Lepr , Irs1 , Akt1 , Stat3 , Prkaa2 , Srebf1 , Mlxipl, Acaca , Fasn , Gpam , Scd1 , Cd36 , Pnpla2 , Ppara , and Cpt1a or Cpt1b in liver and rWAT; and Pparg , Slc2a4 , and Lpl in rWAT. RT‐qPCR analyses were performed as previously described . Actb , Gdi1 , and Rn18s were used as housekeeping genes.…”

“…rWAT and liver were homogenized and processed for western blot as previously described with some modifications. For analysis, 50 or 100 μg (for rWAT) and 25, 50 or 100 μg (for liver) total protein was fractionated by 10% or 4–15% SDS‐PAGE (Criterion TM TGX TM , Bio‐Rad Laboratories, Madrid, Spain) and subsequently electrotransferred onto nitrocellulose membrane (Bio‐Rad Laboratories).…”

Better Living through Chemistry: Caloric Restriction (CR) and CR Mimetics Alter Genome Function to Promote Increased Health and Lifespan

“…However, this does not appear to be the case with CR. In mice, CR prior to (1 month before pregnancy) or during pre-pregnancy leads to decreased health in offspring two generations later (Ponzio et al, 2012 ; Palou et al, 2015 ). CR of non-human primates during pregnancy also impacts the development of kidneys in the offspring, leading to decrease numbers of glomeruli (Nijland et al, 2007 ).…”