Modern methods for identification and quantitative determination of organophosphorus chemical warfare agents

Savel’eva, E. I.; Gustyleva, L. K.; Orlova, O. I.; Khlebnikova, N. S.; Koryagina, N. L.; Radilov, A. S.

doi:10.1134/s1070427214080011

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 44 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The methods for extraction and analysis of CWC‐related chemicals were reviewed in some of the recent articles . Traditionally, the polar acidic products are extracted by water/methanol from solid samples followed by direct evaporation, reconstitution, and derivatization before the GC–MS analysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative determination of acidic hydrolysis products of Chemical Weapons Convention related chemicals from aqueous and soil samples using ion‐pair solid‐phase extraction and in situ butylation

Anagoni

Kauser

Maity

et al. 2017

J of Separation Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Chemical warfare agents such as organophosphorus nerve agents, mustard agents, and psychotomimetic agent like 3-quinuclidinylbenzilate degrade in the environment and form acidic degradation products, the analysis of which is difficult under normal analytical conditions. In the present work, a simultaneous extraction and derivatization method in which the analytes are butylated followed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometric identification of the analytes from aqueous and soil samples was carried out. The extraction was carried out using ion-pair solid-phase extraction with tetrabutylammonium hydroxide followed by gas chromatography with mass spectrometry in the electron ionization mode. Various parameters such as optimum concentration of the ion-pair reagent, pH of the sample, extraction solvent, and type of ion-pair reagent were optimized. The method was validated for various parameters such as linearity, accuracy, precision, and limit of detection and quantification. The method was observed to be linear from 1 to 1000 ng/mL range in selected ion monitoring mode. The extraction recoveries were in the range of 85-110% from the matrixes with the limit of quantification for alkyl phosphonic acids at 1 ng/mL, thiodiglycolic acid at 20 ng/mL, and benzilic acid at 50 ng/mL with intra- and interday precisions below 15%. The developed method was applied for the samples prepared in the scenario of challenging inspection.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative determination of acidic hydrolysis products of Chemical Weapons Convention related chemicals from aqueous and soil samples using ion‐pair solid‐phase extraction and in situ butylation

Anagoni

Kauser

Maity

et al. 2017

J of Separation Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Russian VX

Rembovskiy¹,

Savelieva²,

Radilov³

et al. 2020

Handbook of Toxicology of Chemical Warfare Agents

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Analysis of the Precursors, Simulants and Degradation Products of Chemical Warfare Agents

Witkiewicz

Neffe

Śliwka

et al. 2018

Critical Reviews in Analytical Chemistry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Recent advances in analysis of precursors, simulants and degradation products of chemical warfare agents (CWA) are reviewed. Fast and reliable analysis of precursors, simulants and CWA degradation products is extremely important at a time, when more and more terrorist groups and radical non-state organizations use or plan to use chemical weapons to achieve their own psychological, political and military goals. The review covers the open source literature analysis after the time, when the chemical weapons convention had come into force (1997). The authors stated that during last 15 years increased number of laboratories are focused not only on trace analysis of CWA (mostly nerve and blister agents) in environmental and biological samples, but the growing number of research are devoted to instrumental analysis of precursors and degradation products of these substances. The identification of low-level concentration of CWA degradation products is often more important and difficult than the original CWA, because of lower level of concentration and a very large number of compounds present in environmental and biological samples. Many of them are hydrolysis products and are present in samples in the ionic form. For this reason, two or three instrumental methods are used to perform a reliable analysis of these substances.

show abstract

Modern methods for identification and quantitative determination of organophosphorus chemical warfare agents

Cited by 5 publications

References 44 publications

Quantitative determination of acidic hydrolysis products of Chemical Weapons Convention related chemicals from aqueous and soil samples using ion‐pair solid‐phase extraction and in situ butylation

Quantitative determination of acidic hydrolysis products of Chemical Weapons Convention related chemicals from aqueous and soil samples using ion‐pair solid‐phase extraction and in situ butylation

Russian VX

Analysis of the Precursors, Simulants and Degradation Products of Chemical Warfare Agents

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About