Modern pollen data from North America and Greenland for multi-scale paleoenvironmental applications

Whitmore, Johanne; Gajewski, Konrad; Sawada, M.; Williams, John W.; Shuman, Bryan N.; Bartlein, Patrick J.; Minckley, Thomas A.; Viau, A. E.; Webb, Thompson; Shafer, Sarah L.; Anderson, Patricia M.; Brubaker, Linda B.

doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2005.03.005

Cited by 246 publications

(193 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The complete counting protocol is available in the supplementary online material (SOM) to this article. Mean July air temperatures (T July ) were reconstructed using the modern analogue technique (MAT) and a calibration data set (training sets) from North America and Greenland (Whitmore et al, 2005). Only sites located north of 55 N (excluding Greenland) were included into the model.…”

Section: Palynology and Plant Macrofossilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Holocene ice-wedge polygon development in northern Yukon permafrost peatlands (Canada)

Fritz

Wolter

Rudaya

et al. 2016

Quaternary Science Reviews

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a b s t r a c tIce-wedge polygon (IWP) peatlands in the Arctic and Subarctic are extremely vulnerable to climatic and environmental change. We present the results of a multidisciplinary paleoenvironmental study on IWPs in the northern Yukon, Canada. High-resolution laboratory analyses were carried out on a permafrost core and the overlying seasonally thawed (active) layer, from an IWP located in a drained lake basin on Herschel Island. In relation to 14 Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS) radiocarbon dates spanning the last 5000 years, we report sedimentary data including grain size distribution and biogeochemical parameters (organic carbon, nitrogen, C/N ratio, d 13 C), stable water isotopes (d 18 O, dD), as well as fossil pollen, plant macrofossil and diatom assemblages. Three sediment units (SUs) correspond to the main stages of deposition (1) in a thermokarst lake (SU1: 4950 to 3950 cal yrs BP), (2) during transition from lacustrine to palustrine conditions after lake drainage (SU2: 3950 to 3120 cal yrs BP), and (3) in palustrine conditions of the IWP field that developed after drainage (SU3: 3120 cal yrs BP to 2012 CE). The lacustrine phase (pre 3950 cal yrs BP) is characterized by planktonic-benthic and pioneer diatom species indicating circumneutral waters, and very few plant macrofossils. The pollen record has captured a regional signal of relatively stable vegetation composition and climate for the lacustrine stage of the record until 3950 cal yrs BP. Palustrine conditions with benthic and acidophilic diatom species characterize the peaty shallow-water environments of the low-centered IWP. The transition from lacustrine to palustrine conditions was accompanied by acidification and rapid revegetation of the lake bottom within about 100 years. Since the palustrine phase we consider the pollen record as a local vegetation proxy dominated by the plant communities growing in the IWP. Ice-wedge cracking in water-saturated sediments started immediately after lake drainage at about 3950 cal yrs BP and led to the formation of an IWP mire. Permafrost aggradation through downward closed-system freezing of the lake talik is indicated by the stable water isotope record. The originally submerged IWP center underwent gradual drying during the past 2000 years. This study highlights the sensitivity of permafrost landscapes to climate and environmental change throughout the Holocene.

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Section: Palynology and Plant Macrofossilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Holocene ice-wedge polygon development in northern Yukon permafrost peatlands (Canada)

Fritz

Wolter

Rudaya

et al. 2016

Quaternary Science Reviews

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“…Overpeck et al, 1985;Prentice, 1985;Gajewski et al, 2002;Whitmore et al, 2005;Watrin et al, 2007). Modern pollen records, especially across broad regions, are therefore very useful for evaluating current pollen-vegetation relationships and for calibrating reconstructions of past vegetation and climate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gaillard et al, 1994Gaillard et al, , 2008Hjelle, 1999;Broström et al, 2004;Court-Picon et al, 2006). However, at extra-regional and continental scales, analysis of the distribution of modern pollen taxa is more focused on vegetation-pollen-climate relationships (e.g., Anderson et al, 1991;Gajewski et al, 2002;Whitmore et al, 2005;Watrin et al, 2007;Minckley et al, 2008), on pollen-vegetation relationships (e.g. Newsome, 1999;Markgraf et al, 2002;Ma et al, 2008) and on pollenclimate relationships (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying modern biomes based on surface pollen data in China

Chen

Herzschuh

2010

Global and Planetary Change

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“…lakes) (Bjune et al 2010) and hence have comparable taphonomies (cf. Minckley & Whitlock 2000;Whitmore et al 2005;Gonzales et al 2009a;Tonello et al 2009;Fletcher et al 2010;Goring et al 2010).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Within the vast literature about calibration data-sets, some papers critically identify and discuss in detail some of these potential errors (e.g. Birks et al 1990;Jones & Juggins 1995;Lotter et al 1997Lotter et al , 1998Engels et al 2001Engels et al , 2008Bigler et al 2002;Whitmore et al 2005;Finkelstein et al 2006;Heiri et al 2007;Gonzales et al 2009a;.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Strengths and Weaknesses of Quantitative Climate Reconstructions Based on Late-Quaternary Biological Proxies

Birks

2011

TOECOLJ

343

284

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Abstract:The importance of reconstructing past environments quantitatively in palaeoecology is reviewed by showing that many ecological questions asked of palaeoecological data commonly involve the reconstructions of past environment. Three basic approaches to reconstructing past climate from palaeoecological data are outlined and discussed in terms of their assumptions, strengths, and weaknesses. These approaches are the indicator-species approach involving bioclimateenvelope modelling; the assemblage approach involving modern analogue techniques and response surfaces; and the multivariate calibration-function approach. Topics common to all approaches are reviewed -presentation and interpretation, evaluation and validation, comparison, and general limitations of climate reconstructions. Challenges and possible future developments are presented and the potential future role of quantitative climate reconstructions in palaeoecology is summarised.

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Modern pollen data from North America and Greenland for multi-scale paleoenvironmental applications

Cited by 246 publications

References 34 publications

Holocene ice-wedge polygon development in northern Yukon permafrost peatlands (Canada)

Holocene ice-wedge polygon development in northern Yukon permafrost peatlands (Canada)

Quantifying modern biomes based on surface pollen data in China

Strengths and Weaknesses of Quantitative Climate Reconstructions Based on Late-Quaternary Biological Proxies

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