Modern trends in lipomodeling

El-Sabbagh, Ahmed Hassan

doi:10.3205/iprs000108

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 116 publications

(111 reference statements)

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“…Currently, both regenerative medicine and tissue engineering are exploiting the therapeutic potentials of stem cells for bone repair and regeneration ( Ntege et al, 2020 ). More and more evidences show that hASCs, as a stem cell population with multidirectional differentiation potential, can promote tissue repair through direct or indirect mechanisms ( El-Sabbagh, 2017 ; Bacakova et al, 2018 ). Mechanical stimuli is one of the methods to promote osteogenesis of stem cells ( Marrelli et al, 2018 ; Fang et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polycystin-2 mediates mechanical tension-induced osteogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells by activating transcriptional co-activator with PDZ-binding motif

Wang

Lu²,

Cai³

et al. 2022

Front. Physiol.

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Human adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs) have multi-directional differentiation potential including osteogenic differentiation. Mechanical stimulation is thought to be a key regulator of bone remodeling and has been proved to promote osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. However, the mechanism how mechanical tension-induced osteogenesis of hASCs still remains poor understood. Polycystin-2 (PC2), a member of the transient receptor potential polycystic (TRPP) family, is involved in cilia-mediated mechanical transduction. To understand the role of PC2 in osteogenic differentiation under mechanical stimuli in hASCs, PKD2 gene was stably silenced by using lentivirus-mediated shRNA technology. The results showed that mechanical tension sufficiently enhanced osteogenic differentiation but hardly affected proliferation of hASCs. Silencing PKD2 gene caused hASCs to lose the ability of sensing mechanical stimuli and subsequently promoting osteogenesis. PC2 knock-out also reduced the cilia population frequency and cilia length in hASCs. TAZ (transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif, also known as Wwtr1) could mediate the genes regulation and biological functions of mechanotransduction signal pathway. Here, mechanical tension also enhanced TAZ nuclear translocation of hASCs. PC2 knock-out blocked tension-induced upregulation of nuclear TAZ and suppress tension-induced osteogenesis. TAZ could directly interact with Runx2, and inhibiting TAZ could suppress tension-induced upregulation of Runx2 expression. In summary, our findings demonstrated that PC2 mediate mechanical tension-induced osteogenic differentiation of hASCs by activating TAZ.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polycystin-2 mediates mechanical tension-induced osteogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells by activating transcriptional co-activator with PDZ-binding motif

Wang

Lu²,

Cai³

et al. 2022

Front. Physiol.

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Procedure, applications, and outcomes of autologous fat grafting

Simonacci

Bertozzi

Grieco

et al. 2017

Annals of Medicine &Amp; Surgery

268

228

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ObjectiveTo systematically review the procedure, applications, and outcomes of autologous fat grafting, a promising technique with various clinical applications.Patients and methodsLiterature review of publications concerning autologous fat grafting.ResultsSince its introduction, lipofilling has become increasingly popular; however, its results are variable and unpredictable. Several modifications have been made to the procedures of fat harvesting, processing, and injecting. Surgical excision and low negative-pressure aspiration with large-bore cannulas minimize adipocyte damage during fat harvesting. The “wet” method of fat harvesting involves fluid injection at the donor site and facilitates lipoaspiration while minimizing pain and ecchymosis. For fat processing, centrifugation at a low speed is preferable to high-speed centrifugation, gravity separation or filtration. Fat injection at the recipient site should be performed using small-gauge cannulas in a fanning out pattern over multiple sessions, rather than a single session. Fat grafts exhibit not only dermal filler properties but also regenerative potential owing to the presence of stem cells in fat tissue. Thus, the clinical applications of autologous fat grafting include correction of secondary contour defects after breast reconstruction, release of painful scar contractures, and treatment of burn scars and radiodermatitis. Lipofilling is also used in aesthetic surgery, such as facial and hand rejuvenation, augmentation rhinoplasty, and breast and gluteal augmentation. The complications of lipofilling are minimal and include bruising, swelling, pain, infection, necrosis, and calcification.ConclusionsLipofilling is a low-risk procedure that can be used to correct soft-tissue defects in the face, trunk, and extremities, with minimal discomfort for patients.

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