Modification of Power System Operation for Significant Wind Generation Penetration

Schlueter, R. A.; Park, G. L.; Lotfalian, M.; Shayanfar, Heidar Ali; Dorsey, J.

doi:10.1109/tpas.1983.318011

Cited by 38 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Η διείσδυση Α/Γ σε ποσοστό που να ξεπερνά το 5% της εγκατεστημένης ισχύος ενός ισχυρού δικτύου, διερευνήθηκε διεξοδικά στις [5][6][7][8][9]. Οι R. Schlueter, G. Park κ.α., [5,6], αναλύουν τα προβλήματα που θα αντιμετώπιζε ένα ισχυρό δίκτυο με σημαντική διείσδυση ισχύος Α/Γ, στην περίπτωση ισχυρών μετεωρολογικών φαινομένων (καταιγίδες, τυφώνες). Προτείνονται δύο περιορισμοί της εγκατεστημένης ισχύος του αιολικού πάρκου τόσο ως προς την τοπογραφία του (farm penetration constraint) αλλά και ως προς την πυκνότητα των Α/Γ του (echelon penetration constraint).…”

Section: βιβλιογραφικη ανασκοπησηunclassified

“…Αναφορικά με τη διασύνδεση αιολικών πάρκων σε ασθενή -αυτόνομα δίκτυα καθώς επίσης και τα προβλήματα που αναμένονται, το ερευνητικό ενδιαφέρον παρέμεινε έντονο από τα μέσα του 1980 έως και σήμερα. Σε αντίθεση με τα ισχυρά δίκτυα [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14], όπου ακόμα δεν τίθεται θέμα περιορισμού της παραγωγής των Α/Γ, η επιτρεπόμενη αιολική διείσδυση στα ασθενή -αυτόνομα δίκτυα, πρέπει να περιορίζεται από κάποιο άνω όριο έτσι ώστε να διασφαλίζεται η ευσταθής λειτουργία του δικτύου και η διατήρηση σταθερής τάσης και συχνότητας. Το όριο αυτό προσδιορίζεται με διάφορους τρόπους στις εργασίες [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25].…”

Section: ειααγωγήunclassified

“…; Y = min{ô • L, L-L D } (3.9)Gw = Z G w g =ZV X wg(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10) g=I g=l f αριθμός A / Γ που παρά7ουν από ì τη g-ομάδα το χρόνο t, ν, = 0,...,ξ" [ Σε όλους τους παραπάνω περιορισμούς (3.3) -(3.11), οι μεταβλητές είναι συναρτήσεις του χρόνου και πρέπει να πληρούνται κάθε χρονική στιγμή t. Ο περιορισμός (3.4) καθορίζει τον αριθμό των ντήζελ που πρέπει να ενταχθούν για την κάλυψη του φορτίου L μαζί και της στρεφόμενης εφεδρείας, r-L. Ο περιορισμός (3.5) καθορίζει τα επιτρεπόμενα όρια αποδοτικής λειτουργίας των ντηζελογεννητριών και από αυτόν απορρέουν οι (3.6) και (3.7) που ορίζουν το ελάχιστο φορτίο που πρέπει να καλύπτει ο σταθμός των ντήζελ.…”

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Ηλεκτρικα Δικτυα Με Παραγωγη Απο Ντηζελομηχανες Και Ανεμογεννητριες

Σαραμουρτσησ¹

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Installation of Wind Energy Converters (WECs) as fuel savers is economically and environmentally attractive in windy regions. There numerous Greek islands with autonomous power systems consisting of diesel units that have high operational costs due to fuel used and having also high wind regimes.During installation of WECs in autonomous systems, technical constraints must be considered, since increasing wind penetration may disturb the operation of the system, leading to oscillation of voltage and frequency. Also in cases of high wind speeds the outage of WECs may damage conventional units. These effects determine at any instant a maximum permitted wind power penetration that depends on the load and on the diesel units.A probabilistic method for predicting the economic performance and reliability of autonomous energy systems, consisting of diesel generators and fixed pitch WECs is developed (Chapter 2).The method uses the duration curves of the load and the wind speed. Several constraints are applied among them the most significant are the following: load and wind speed are statistically independent and there is a limitation of wind power penetration due to load and minimum diesel plant output. The quantities that are computed are: wind and diesel energy production, diesel fuel consumption, loss of load probability (LOLP) and expected unserved energy (EUE). Results are presented for two Greek islands.Field results have shown that there are differences between calculated and real performance mainly due to the way diesel units are committed and operated. Therefore, it seemed necessary to consider the diesel generators more carefully, i.e. their commitment, upper and lower power limits, base load units, modelling of units consuming two types of fuel. A Monte Carlo based method is developed (Chapter 3). The proposed method divides the total simulation period into time intervals and for every time interval uses dynamic programming techniques to determine the diesel unit commitment. Results are presented for the same Greek islands as in the probabilistic method and comparisons between the two methods are made. It is shown that proper central control of WECs in a system increases significantly wind energy penetration, which is strongly affected by the way diesel commitment is made. Also, a methodology for short term wind forecasting +15 min and +1 hour ahead is proposed (Chapter 4). The Neural Networks (NNs) concept is used and their predicting capability with respect to wind speed and wind power output is tested. Real wind speed time series are used for NNs training and testing. The results are very promising giving mean relative absolute error between 6.6% -11% for +15 min and +1 hour wind forecasts respectively.

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Section: βιβλιογραφικη ανασκοπησηunclassified

Section: ειααγωγήunclassified

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Ηλεκτρικα Δικτυα Με Παραγωγη Απο Ντηζελομηχανες Και Ανεμογεννητριες

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“…In [2] the author discusses the modification of unit commitment, economic dispatch, and frequency controls when wind generation capacity is significant and attempts to determine a wind power penetration constraint based on a worst case wind generation change due to a thunderstorm. The author however does not consider the possible benefit forecasting may play in the system operation.…”

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“…They analyse environmental and economic impacts along with capacity and frequency control issues from a 1990 perspective. However, like [2] it fails to consider the contribution that forecasting may have on the provision of frequency control reserve. In this paper a methodology is proposed that will quantify the reserve needs of a system with wind in such a way as to directly relate it to a system reliability criterion.…”

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Quantifying reserve demands due to increasing wind power penetration

Doherty¹,

O’Malley²

2003 IEEE Bologna Power Tech Conference Proceedings,

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Abstract--With wind power penetration increasing in many systems worldwide, operational issues are beginning to emerge due to the uncertain nature of wind power. One of these issues is the provision of reserve for system security. To analyse this, one must consider generator outage rates, system load forecast errors and wind power forecast errors in such a way as to directly relate the system reserve level to the security of the system. In this paper a new methodology is proposed for the analysis and provision of system reserve levels. The methodology considers the provision of both reserve (on-line) and replacement reserve (offline). The proposed methodology is then applied to the IEEE reliability test system incorporating other influencing factors like wind farm size and numbers and forecast periods. Results illustrate the impact increasing wind power penetration has on reserve.Index Terms--Forecasting, power generation faults, power system security, wind power generation.

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Operation and Dispatch of a Power System Containing Wind Power

2018

Integration of Large Scale Wind Energy With Electrical Power Systems in China

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Modification of Power System Operation for Significant Wind Generation Penetration

Cited by 38 publications

References 3 publications

Ηλεκτρικα Δικτυα Με Παραγωγη Απο Ντηζελομηχανες Και Ανεμογεννητριες

Ηλεκτρικα Δικτυα Με Παραγωγη Απο Ντηζελομηχανες Και Ανεμογεννητριες

Quantifying reserve demands due to increasing wind power penetration

Operation and Dispatch of a Power System Containing Wind Power

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