Modifying the reactivity of a solid Lewis acid: niobium and antimony doped nanoscopic aluminum fluoride

Abstract

A series of acid catalysts were prepared, using niobium and antimony as dopants in the fluorolytic sol–gel synthesis of high surface aluminium fluoride.

Experimental and DFT Mechanistic Study of Dehydrohalogenation of 1-Chloro-1,1-difluoroethane over Metal Fluorides

“…Metal fluorides are one kind of fundamental chemicals that find wide applications in metallurgy, electronics, optics, the fluorine chemical industry, and daily necessities. − In addition to the unique electronic and optical properties, metal fluorides also function as catalysts with high stability in corrosive environments, especially in HCl and HF atmospheres. − As the fluorine atoms withdraw electrons, the metals in metal fluorides usually exhibit strong Lewis acidic properties. , Consequently, they directly serve as the catalysts or as the catalyst supports. For instance, AlF 3 is considered as a typical Lewis acid catalyst with strong and abundant Lewis acidic sites. − …”

“…4−6 As the fluorine atoms withdraw electrons, the metals in metal fluorides usually exhibit strong Lewis acidic properties. 7,8 Consequently, they directly serve as the catalysts or as the catalyst supports. For instance, AlF 3 is considered as a typical Lewis acid catalyst with strong and abundant Lewis acidic sites.…”

A review on the synthesis and applications of sustainable copper-based nanomaterials

“…Additionally, the doped Nb as a support for the Cu NPs not only creates acidic Brønsted sites in contact with water molecules, but also contributes to reducing the leaching of Cu and aggregation of the Cu NPs during the reaction. [344][345][346][347][348][349][350] Additionally, the bimetallic Nb-Cu/ZPS catalyst effectively converted VA to various valeric esters in C1-C5 alcohol media (Fig. 43).…”

Fluorinated Zirconia Prepared by Anionic Exchange of Zirconium Oxo/Hydroxide with Trifluoroacetic Acid: Structure, Acid‐Base and Catalytic Properties

“…Even though the synthesis of nanometric metal fluoride catalysts has gained some momentum in the last decade, mostly by non-aqueous fluorolytic sol-gel method, [3] it is limited to few metals for which commercial metal alkoxides are available. [5] Moreover, these syntheses use HF, which is a highrisk reagent.…”

“…In contrast to earlier applications of halogenated metals such as AlCl 3 or SbF 5 in Friedel‐Crafts reactions, where a stoichiometric amount of the halogenated salt was needed, [3,4] these nano metal (oxo/hydroxo) fluorides could be used in catalytic amount if the material presents a sufficient high surface area and stability. Even though the synthesis of nanometric metal fluoride catalysts has gained some momentum in the last decade, mostly by non‐aqueous fluorolytic sol‐gel method, [3] it is limited to few metals for which commercial metal alkoxides are available [5] . Moreover, these syntheses use HF, which is a high‐risk reagent.…”