MODTRAN 5: a reformulated atmospheric band model with auxiliary species and practical multiple scattering options: update

Berk, Alexander; Anderson, Gail P.; Acharya, Prabhat K.; Bernstein, Lawrence S.; Muratov, Leon; Lee, Jamine; Fox, Marsha J.; Adler‐Golden, Steven M.; Chetwynd, James H.; Hoke, Michael L.; Lockwood, Ronald B.; Gardner, James A.; Cooley, T.; Borel, Christoph C.; Lewis, Paul E.

doi:10.1117/12.606026

Cited by 145 publications

(98 citation statements)

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“…(RTM) e.g., MODTRAN (Berk et al, 2005). Independent atmospheric profiles of temperature, water vapor, and other gas constituents (e.g., ozone) are input to the RTM to obtain the atmospheric transmittance, path radiance, and sky irradiance terms.…”

Section: In-scene Atmospheric Correction (Isac) Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High spatial resolution imaging of methane and other trace gases with the airborne Hyperspectral Thermal Emission Spectrometer (HyTES)

et al. 2016

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Abstract. Currently large uncertainties exist associated with the attribution and quantification of fugitive emissions of criteria pollutants and greenhouse gases such as methane across large regions and key economic sectors. In this study, data from the airborne Hyperspectral Thermal Emission Spectrometer (HyTES) have been used to develop robust and reliable techniques for the detection and wide-area mapping of emission plumes of methane and other atmospheric trace gas species over challenging and diverse environmental conditions with high spatial resolution that permits direct attribution to sources. HyTES is a pushbroom imaging spectrometer with high spectral resolution (256 bands from 7.5 to 12 µm), wide swath (1-2 km), and high spatial resolution (∼ 2 m at 1 km altitude) that incorporates new thermal infrared (TIR) remote sensing technologies. In this study we introduce a hybrid clutter matched filter (CMF) and plume dilation algorithm applied to HyTES observations to efficiently detect and characterize the spatial structures of individual plumes of CH 4 , H 2 S, NH 3 , NO 2 , and SO 2 emitters. The sensitivity and field of regard of HyTES allows rapid and frequent airborne surveys of large areas including facilities not readily accessible from the surface. The HyTES CMF algorithm produces plume intensity images of methane and other gases from strong emission sources. The combination of high spatial resolution and multi-species imaging capability provides source attribution in complex environments. The CMF-based detection of strong emission sources over large areas is a fast and powerful tool needed to focus on more computationally intensive retrieval algorithms to quantify emissions with error estimates, and is useful for expediting mitigation efforts and addressing critical science questions.

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Section: In-scene Atmospheric Correction (Isac) Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High spatial resolution imaging of methane and other trace gases with the airborne Hyperspectral Thermal Emission Spectrometer (HyTES)

et al. 2016

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“…We combined the MODTRAN 5 [35] and SCOPE models to describe the interaction of the Top of Canopy (TOC) surface with the atmosphere and the incident irradiance from the sun and the sky, as described in Equations (1) and (2) …”

Section: Simulated Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

New Spectral Fitting Method for Full-Spectrum Solar-Induced Chlorophyll Fluorescence Retrieval Based on Principal Components Analysis

Liu

Zhang

et al. 2015

Remote Sensing

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Abstract:The full-spectrum Solar-Induced chlorophyll Fluorescence (SIF) within the 650800 nm spectral region can provide important information regarding physiological and biochemical activities in vegetation. This paper proposes a new Full-spectrum Spectral Fitting Method (F-SFM) for the retrieval of SIF spectra based on Principal Components Analysis (PCA). Using F-SFM, both the full-spectrum reflectance and SIF within the 650800 nm region were modeled by PCA based on a training dataset simulated by the Soil Canopy Observation, Photochemistry and Energy fluxes (SCOPE) model, and the weighting coefficients of the principal components were estimated by the least-squares fitting method. An iterative process was employed to improve the accuracy of the estimation of the reflectance. In each iteration, the SIF spectra retrieved from the last run were removed from the total upwelling radiance to minimize the small contribution of the SIF to the apparent reflectance outside the absorption bands. Then, the F-SFM algorithm was tested using both simulated and field-measured data with different Spectral Resolutions (SRs) and Signal-to-Noise Ratios (SNRs). For data with an SR of 0.3 nm and without noise, the Relative Root Mean Square Error (RRMSE) was less than 14% within the spectral region that was studied, and the peak-value ratio (SIF735/SIF685) was accurately estimated with an RRMSE of 3.56%. In addition, the F-SFM algorithm proved less sensitive to the SR than the three-band Fraunhofer Line Discrimination (3 FLD) and improved FLD (iFLD) methods. In OPEN ACCESSRemote Sens. 2015, 7 10627 the case of the field spectral data with SRs of 3 nm and 0.3 nm, the double-peak shape and the diurnal variation trend of the SIF spectra could be reasonably reconstructed by F-SFM, and the retrieved SIF values at the O2-A and O2-B bands were consistent with those retrieved by 3FLD from data with a high SR (0.3 nm) and SNR (1000). Therefore, the F-SFM method can provide full-spectrum SIF information with high accuracy even at relatively low SRs and SNRs, and shows promise for use in applications involving the SIF shape information.

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“…Here we used MODTRAN v.5.4 (Berk et al, 2005) to simulate upwelling radiance at flight level. MODTRAN uses absorption lines from HITRAN2013 and the MT-CKD 2.5 parameterization of the water vapour continuum (Clough et al, 2005) that proved reliable in the Arctic .…”

Section: Radiative Transfer Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Airborne observations of far-infrared upwelling radiance in the Arctic

Libois¹,

Ivanescu

Blanchet³

et al. 2016

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. The first airborne measurements of the FarInfraRed Radiometer (FIRR) were performed in April 2015 during the panarctic NETCARE campaign. Vertical profiles of spectral upwelling radiance in the range 8-50 µm were measured in clear and cloudy conditions from the surface up to 6 km. The clear sky profiles highlight the strong dependence of radiative fluxes to the temperature inversion typical of the Arctic. Measurements acquired for total column water vapour from 1.5 to 10.5 mm also underline the sensitivity of the far-infrared greenhouse effect to specific humidity. The cloudy cases show that optically thin ice clouds increase the cooling rate of the atmosphere, making them important pieces of the Arctic energy balance. One such cloud exhibited a very complex spatial structure, characterized by large horizontal heterogeneities at the kilometre scale. This emphasizes the difficulty of obtaining representative cloud observations with airborne measurements but also points out how challenging it is to model polar clouds radiative effects. These radiance measurements were successfully compared to simulations, suggesting that state-of-the-art radiative transfer models are suited to study the cold and dry Arctic atmosphere. Although FIRR in situ performances compare well to its laboratory performances, complementary simulations show that upgrading the FIRR radiometric resolution would greatly increase its sensitivity to atmospheric and cloud properties. Improved instrument temperature stability in flight and expected technological progress should help meet this objective. The campaign overall highlights the potential for airborne far-infrared radiometry and constitutes a relevant reference for future similar studies dedicated to the Arctic and for the development of spaceborne instruments.

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MODTRAN 5: a reformulated atmospheric band model with auxiliary species and practical multiple scattering options: update

Cited by 145 publications

References 1 publication

High spatial resolution imaging of methane and other trace gases with the airborne Hyperspectral Thermal Emission Spectrometer (HyTES)

High spatial resolution imaging of methane and other trace gases with the airborne Hyperspectral Thermal Emission Spectrometer (HyTES)

New Spectral Fitting Method for Full-Spectrum Solar-Induced Chlorophyll Fluorescence Retrieval Based on Principal Components Analysis

Airborne observations of far-infrared upwelling radiance in the Arctic

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