Modular stellarator reactor: a fusion power plant

Miller, R.L.; Bathke, C.G.; Krakowski, R.A.; Heck, Fabian; Green, L.; Karbowski, Jan; Murphy, J.H.; Tupper, R.B.; DeLuca, Ronald; Moazed, Ali Reza

doi:10.2172/5575339

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…[3], which forms part of the more complete report which is Ref. [13]. [3] 'decouples' the attainable beta from magnetics.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reduced-aspect-ratio stellarator reactors

Hitchon¹

1984

Nucl. Fusion

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The extent to which the size of a modular stellarator reactor may be reduced is investigated by means of an analytic model of the reactor. The various means employed include varying the blanket/shield thickness, the power output and the wall loading. An optimum design is found, the major radius of which tends to be insensitive to changes in these quantities, although a decrease in the power output leads to a rather smaller decrease in reactor dimensions, as would be expected. Varying the plasma beta at fixed t 2 e or, alternatively, increasing the rotational transform per field period, may, however, allow configurations with fewer field periods to be accessed which have a substantially smaller major radius than the 'standard case' adopted. The magnetics of various configurations required by the model are checked by field line following and the performance claimed is shown to be relatively easily achieved. Costs of two promising configurations are estimated; these designs are found to be highly competitive with other conceptual fusion reactors in terms of cost, as well as requiring less advanced technologies.

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“…[3], which forms part of the more complete report which is Ref. [13]. [3] 'decouples' the attainable beta from magnetics.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The power carried through the first wall by neutrons, P n , is related to the wall loading P w by (13) P n also enters the model through Eq. ( 7), which relates it to beta and the field on axis.…”

Section: Power Output and Wall Loadingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduced-aspect-ratio stellarator reactors

Hitchon¹

1984

Nucl. Fusion

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“…Since the early 1980s, seven conceptual stellarator power plants have been designed in the US (MSR [101], UWTOR-M [102], ASRA-6C [103], SPPS [104], ARIES-CS [105]), Germany (ASRA-6C [103], HSR [106]), and Japan (FFHR series [107]) -all with modular coils, except the FFHR (refer to Figure 8). The first attempt to simplify the plasma and in-vessel components delivered the 1982 UWTOR-M design with large 24-m major radius and high aspect ratio (A= 14).…”

Section: Power Plant Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stellarator Research Opportunities: A Report of the National Stellarator Coordinating Committee

Gates

Anderson

et al. 2018

J Fusion Energ

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This document is the product of a stellarator community workshop, organized by the National Stellarator Coordinating Committee and referred to as Stellcon, that was held in Cambridge, Massachusetts in February 2016, hosted by MIT. The workshop was widely advertised, and was attended by 40 scientists from 12 different institutions including national labs, universities and private industry, as well as a representative from the Department of Energy. The final section of this document describes areas of community wide consensus that were developed as a result of the discussions held at that workshop. Areas where further study would be helpful to generate a consensus path forward for the US stellarator program are also discussed.The program outlined in this document is directly responsive to many of the strategic priorities of FES as articulated in "Fusion Energy Sciences: A Ten-Year Perspective (2015-2025)" [1]. The natural disruption immunity of the stellarator directly addresses "Elimination of transient events that can be deleterious to toroidal fusion plasma confinement devices" an area of critical importance for the U.S. fusion energy sciences enterprise over the next decade.

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“…The progress made up to about 1980 is reviewed in Refs [1][2][3][4][5][6]. Several important studies [7][8][9][10] have been performed since 1980, but no single review of these has been published.…”

Section: Mfe Reactor Technology and Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many concepts for magnetic confinement have been studied: tokamak, reversed field pinch (RFP), stellarator, compact tori and tandem mirrors [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. The tokamak has received the largest, sustained effort and is the most mature of the magnetic confinement devices.…”

Section: Mfe Reactor Technology and Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic, safety and environmental prospects of fusion reactors

Conn¹,

Holdren²,

Sharafat³

et al. 1990

Nucl. Fusion

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Controlled fusion energy is one of the long term, non-fossil energy sources available to mankind. It has the potential of significant advantages over fission nuclear power in that the consequences of severe accidents are predicted to be less and the radioactive waste burden is calculated to be smaller. Fusion can be an important ingredient in the future world energy mix and can be part of an 'insurance policy' energy strategy to develop new sources as a hedge against environmental, supply or political difficulties connected with the use of fossil fuel and present-day nuclear power. Progress in fusion reactor technology and design is described for both magnetic and inertial fusion energy systems. The projected economic prospects show that fusion will be capital intensive, and the historical trend is towards greater mass utilization efficiency and more competitive costs. Recent studies emphasizing safety and environmental advantages show that the competitive potential of fusion can be further enhanced by specific choices of materials and design. The safety and environmental prospects of fusion appear to exceed substantially those of advanced fission and coal. For example, the level of radioactivity in a low activation fusion reactor at 1 year and at 100 years after shutdown is calculated to be about one-millionth of the radioactivity in a fission reactor of the same power. Likewise, the maximum plausible dose predicted at the site boundary in the case of a low activation fusion reactor is estimated to be between 100 and 500 times smaller than that estimated for a fission power plant. Clearly, a significant and directed technology effort is necessary to achieve these advantages. Typical parameters have been established for magnetic fusion energy reactors, and a tokamak at moderately high magnetic field (about 7 T on axis) in the first regime of MHD stability (|8 s 3.5 I/aB) is closest to present experimental achievement. Further improvements of the economic and technological performance of the tokamak are possible through the following achievements: higher magnetic fields to lower the required plasma current and reactor size; higher values of the plasma beta, including reaching the second stable MHD regime, to lower the requirements on field and plasma current; and more efficient techniques to drive the plasma current. In addition, alternative, non-tokamak magnetic fusion approaches may offer substantive economic and operational benefits, although at present these concepts must be projected from a less developed physics base. For inertial fusion energy, reactor studies are at an earlier stage, but the essential requirements are a high efficiency ( ^ 10%) repetitively pulsed pellet driver capable of delivering up to 10 MJ of energy on target, targets capable of an energy gain (ratio of energy produced to energy on target) of about 100, reactor chambers capable of absorbing the energy released per shot at conditions consistent with power generation, and effective means of isolating the target chamber and driver system.

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Modular stellarator reactor: a fusion power plant

Abstract: WKTIOIIS OF THIS BEPOilT hM liltSIBU. It has been reproituceii from the best avatiaitle copy to permit the broadest possible availability.

Cited by 12 publications

References 1 publication

Reduced-aspect-ratio stellarator reactors

Reduced-aspect-ratio stellarator reactors

Stellarator Research Opportunities: A Report of the National Stellarator Coordinating Committee

Economic, safety and environmental prospects of fusion reactors

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