Modular Use of Peripheral Input Channels Tunes Motion-Detecting Circuitry

Silies, Marion; Gohl, Daryl M.; Fisher, Yvette E.; Freifeld, Limor; Clark, Damon A.; Clandinin, Thomas R.

doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2013.04.029

Cited by 134 publications

(191 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…L4 is reciprocally connected with L2 and connects adjacent columns in the lamina and medulla [35]. Moreover, the lamina monopolar cell L3 appears to play a role in OFF motion detection [47,48].…”

Section: Neuronal Implementationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subcellular mapping of dendritic activity in optic flow processing neurons

2014

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i AbstractDendritic integration is a fundamental element of neuronal information processing.So far, few studies have provided a detailed picture of this process, describing the properties of local dendritic activity and its subcellular organization.Here, I used 2--photon calcium imaging in optic flow processing neurons of the blowfly Calliphora vicina to determine the preferred location and direction of local motion cues for small branchlets throughout the entire dendrite. I found a pronounced retinotopic mapping on both the subcellular and the cell population level. In addition, dendritic branchlets residing in different layers of the neuropil were tuned to distinct directions of motion. Within one layer, local preferred directions varied according to the deflections of the ommatidial lattice. Summing the local receptive fields of all dendritic branchlets reproduced the characteristic properties of these neurons' axonal output receptive fields.These results corroborate the notion that the dendritic morphology of vertical system cells allows them to selectively collect local motion inputs with particular directional preferences from a spatially organized input repertoire, thus forming filters that match global patterns of optic flow. These data illustrate a highly structured circuit organization as an efficient way to hard--wire a complex sensory task.

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Section: Neuronal Implementationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subcellular mapping of dendritic activity in optic flow processing neurons

2014

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“…Each of these neuropiles is built from about 750 repetitive columns arranged in a retinotopic way. Monopolar L1 and L2 cells, among others, receive photoreceptor input in the lamina and feed into two motion pathways Clark et al, 2011;Joesch et al, 2010;Rister et al, 2007;Shinomiya et al, 2014;Silies et al, 2013;Takemura et al, 2013;Tuthill et al, 2013). Within each pathway, the direction of motion is computed separately, with the L1-pathway selectively processing motion of brightness increments (ON) and the L2-pathway motion of brightness decrements (OFF) (Eichner et al, 2011;Joesch et al, 2010Joesch et al, , 2013.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural Circuit to Integrate Opposing Motions in the Visual Field

Mauss

Pankova

Arenz

et al. 2015

Cell

118

159

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When navigating in their environment, animals use visual motion cues as feedback signals that are elicited by their own motion. Such signals are provided by wide-field neurons sampling motion directions at multiple image points as the animal maneuvers. Each one of these neurons responds selectively to a specific optic flow-field representing the spatial distribution of motion vectors on the retina. Here, we describe the discovery of a group of local, inhibitory interneurons in the fruit fly Drosophila key for filtering these cues. Using anatomy, molecular characterization, activity manipulation, and physiological recordings, we demonstrate that these interneurons convey direction-selective inhibition to wide-field neurons with opposite preferred direction and provide evidence for how their connectivity enables the computation required for integrating opposing motions. Our results indicate that, rather than sharpening directional selectivity per se, these circuit elements reduce noise by eliminating non-specific responses to complex visual information.

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“…Another study using individual flies walking on an air-suspended ball (Fig. 3J) also assigned a crucial role for L3 in the detection of translational motion, specifically for dark edges (Silies et al 2013). The convergence of L2 and L3 signals in this OFF pathway via different types of medulla neurons was recently confirmed using anatomical reconstruction at EM resolution ( Fig.…”

Section: Genetic Dissection Of the Behavioral Contributions By Cell Tmentioning

confidence: 70%

So many pieces, one puzzle: cell type specification and visual circuitry in flies and mice

2014

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The visual system is a powerful model for probing the development, connectivity, and function of neural circuits. Two genetically tractable species, mice and flies, are together providing a great deal of understanding of these processes. Current efforts focus on integrating knowledge gained from three cross-fostering fields of research: (1) understanding how the fates of different cell types are specified during development, (2) revealing the synaptic connections between identified cell types (''connectomics'') by high-resolution three-dimensional circuit anatomy, and (3) causal testing of how identified circuit elements contribute to visual perception and behavior. Here we discuss representative examples from fly and mouse models to illustrate the ongoing success of this tripartite strategy, focusing on the ways it is enhancing our understanding of visual processing and other sensory systems.For many decades, the visual systems of both vertebrates and invertebrates have been a favorite arena for understanding how neural circuits are built and function. A considerable body of work has focused on the specification of cell types of the retina; for instance, the designation of different classes of photoreceptors with distinct spectral sensitivities in the Drosophila retina (Rister and Desplan 2011) and the establishment of the various cell types that comprise the vertebrate retina: photoreceptors, Muller glia, interneurons (horizontal, amacrine, and bipolar cells), and retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) (Livesey and Cepko 2001;Mu et al. 2004;Poch e and Reese 2006). With that knowledge in hand, focus in recent years has expanded to understanding how the circuits formed by these retinal cells are linked to the staggering number of diverse visual neurons in the brain, which in turn enables sophisticated and diverse computational tasks. The ultimate goal is to understand how cellular identity, function, and connectivity relate to visually guided behaviors. (Fig. 1A).

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Modular Use of Peripheral Input Channels Tunes Motion-Detecting Circuitry

Cited by 134 publications

References 63 publications

Subcellular mapping of dendritic activity in optic flow processing neurons

Subcellular mapping of dendritic activity in optic flow processing neurons

Neural Circuit to Integrate Opposing Motions in the Visual Field

So many pieces, one puzzle: cell type specification and visual circuitry in flies and mice

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