Modulation of genotoxicity and cytotoxicity by radish grown in metal-contaminated soils

Abstract

Members of the Brassicaceae family are known for their anticarcinogenic and genetic material protective effects. However, many of the species of this family accumulate high amounts of metals, which is an undesirable feature. Radish (Raphanus sativus L.) has shown to accumulate metals in roots to a higher extent than others members of Brassicaceae. The main objectives of this work are (i) to study the distribution of the accumulated As, Pb and Cd in radish plants and (ii) to establish the genotoxic, antigenotoxic and cytotoxic activities of the root and shoot of this vegetable. Results indicate that (i) the shoots of radish accumulate higher concentrations of metal(oid)s than roots; (ii) the shoots were genotoxic at the different concentrations studied, with the root showing such genotoxic effect only at the highest concentration assayed; (iii) the antigenotoxic potential of radish is reduced in plants with high metal content and (iv) the tumouricide activities of the radish plants were negatively correlated to their metal(oid) contents. An interaction between metal(oid)s and the isotyocianates (hydrolysis products of the glucosinolates) contained in the radish is suggested as the main modulator agents of the genotoxic activity of the plants grown in contaminated soils with metal(oid)s.

Exposure to persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and DNA damage as an indicator of environmental stress in fish of different feeding habits of Coatzacoalcos, Veracruz, Mexico

“…Recently, the comet assay has gained wide acceptance as an essential tool for genotoxicity assessment and biomonitoring studies due to: (1) sensitivity to detect low levels of DNA damage, (2) easy and rapid implementation, (3) flexibility, and (4) low cost (Lee and Steinert 2003;Collins et al 2008). For these mentioned reasons, this assay has been widely used in various fish species in different aquatic environments and has been standardized for use in different tissues (blood, liver and gills), to study exposure to a variety of genotoxic compounds (Lee and Steinert op cit.…”

Enhancing effects of 24-epibrassinolide and Putrescine on the antioxidant capacity and free radical scavenging activity of Raphanus sativus seedlings under Cu ion stress

“…It is a rich source of carotenoids, ascorbic acid, flavanoids and glucosinolates (Barillari et al 2005). Radish extracts are widely used for antidiabetic (Taniguchi et al 2008) and antigenotoxic (Villatoro-Pulido et al 2009) properties and also a multipotent chemo preventive agent (Baek et al 2008). Significant reduction in total iron, sulfur content and reduced tuber growth of radish plants under Cu stress has been recorded (Chatterjee et al 2006).…”

Role of Zucchini and Its Distinctive Components in the Modulation of Degenerative Processes: Genotoxicity, Antigenotoxicity, Cytotoxicity and Apoptotic Effects

“…It should be noted that the SMART test is suitable to detect the anti/pro-mutagenic effects of some chemicals [2,15,16,23,37]. The results reported here are of interest when investigating the different ways in which summer squash and their antioxidant compounds can interfere in vivo with the mechanisms of genotoxic agents.…”

“…The human cell line HL60 provides a reliable model to study the cytotoxic effect of chemopreventive substances and the mechanisms underlying this potential activity [37].…”