Modulation of Inflammatory Processes by Leaves Extract from Clusia nemorosa Both In Vitro and In Vivo Animal Models

Abstract

The present study was carried out to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of the hexane extract of the leaves from Clusia nemorosa G. Mey, called HECn, using carrageenan-induced mice pleurisy and cotton pellet-induced mice granuloma. Additionally, the ability of HECn to affect both neutrophil migration as viability was investigated by use of the Boyden chamber assay and flow cytometry, respectively. The HECn significantly inhibited exudation, total leukocytes and neutrophils influx, as well as TNFα levels in carrageenan-induced pleurisy. However, the extract not suppressed the granulomatous tissue formation in the cotton pellet-induced granuloma test. Experiments performed in vitro revealed that HECn on human neutrophils inhibited a dose-dependent manner the CXCL1-induced neutrophil chemotaxis. Furthermore, HECn also inhibited the chemoattraction of human neutrophils induced by formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP), leukotriene B4 (LTB4) and platelet activating factor (PAF) in a Boyden chamber. However, this same treatment not was able to induce apoptosis. The results obtained in this study showed that the extract from leaves of C. nemorosa possess a potent inhibitory activity in acute model of inflammation, being the effects mediated, in part, by inhibition of neutrophil responsiveness. These results indicate that C. nemorosa could be a good source for anti-inflammatory compounds.

Evaluation of analgesic activity of aqueous extract of Mangifera indica leaves in albino rats

“…27 Therefore, it has been suggested that the inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis is remarkably efficient as an antinociceptive mechanism in visceral pain. 28 In our study, the two doses of extract (200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg) had increased the reaction time in dose-dependent manner; 400 mg/kg of MI extract had exhibited anti-nocioceptive effect to thermal stimulus at 120 mins, which is comparable to standard drug tramadol.…”

Controlled release of triamcinolone acetonide from polyurethane implantable devices: application for inhibition of inflammatory-angiogenesis

“…This leukocytes recruitment, mainly neutrophils, to the sites of inflammation enables an efficient defensive action against foreign pathogens [67,68]. A panel of diverse stimuli, especially pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMPs) and damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMPs) molecules, activates professional tissue-resident sentinel cells, such as macrophages and mast cells [69,70]. These sentinel cells release proinflammatory mediators [e.g., interleukin (IL)-1b and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)], and neutrophil-active chemoattractants (e.g., chemokines and lipid mediators), initiating the recruitment of neutrophils into the tissue by diverse actions.…”

Fractions of Selaginella convoluta (Arn.) Spring (Selaginellaceae) attenuate the nociceptive behavior events in mice

“…The writhing test has long been used as a screening tool for assessing the analgesic properties of new substances (Collier et al, 1968). Intraperitoneal administration of acetic acid induce abdominal writhing and involves the increase in cyclooxygenase (COX), lipoxygenase (LOX), prostaglandins (PGs), histamine, serotonin, bradykinin, substance P, IL-1β, IL-8, TNF-α in the peritoneal cavity (Farias et al, 2011). These agents provoke a very stereotyped behavior in the mice which is characterized by abdominal contractions, movements of the body as a whole and twisting of dorso-abdominal muscles.…”

“…Thus, parallel group of animals was pre-treated (30 min before pleurisy induction) with indomethacin (10 mg/kg, i.p.) and 4 h later the same inflammatory parameters were evaluated (Farias et al, 2011).…”