Modulation of Tumor Microenvironment through Aurea Helianthus Extract and Induced Exosomes

Abstract

Endometrial cancer (EC) cells metastasize to various regions, including ovaries, fallopian tubes, cervix, blood, liver, bone, and brain. Various carcinogens cause EC. Exosomes are released from several types of cells and contain different components depending on cellular types. Although tocopherol- α and rutin were high components in Aurea helianthus, the Aurea elianthus extract was enormously useful in modulating tumor microenvironment contrasted to the two substances. Notably, we established that the extract induced bioactive exosomes in EC cells, and profiling of miRNAs in the extract inducing exosomes (EIE) present potency to develop a biological drug. The extract and EIE contributed to the following five biological categories for EC cells: (1) suppressed migration and invasion; (2) activated cellular senescence by attenuating mitochondrial membrane potential and enhancing autophagy; (3) attenuated eproductive cancer activity; (4) activated drug susceptibility; and (5) EIE contained miRNA associated with decreasing inflammation.