Molar Incisor Hypomineralization: Morphological, Aetiological, Epidemiological and Clinical Considerations

Santos, Márcia Pereira Alves dos; Maia, Lucianne Cople

doi:10.5772/37372

Cited by 19 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…In groups treated with 50 and 100 mg/kg BW of AMC, most of the defects were pits or fissures with variable incidence, size, depth, and usually with regular, smooth margins (Figures 3 and 4). These quantitative defects reveal enamel hypoplasia (dos Santos and Maia 2012), which is inconsistent with characteristics of teeth affected by MIH. Thus, we can suppose that AMC affects ameloblasts during the maturation phase.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Chronic Exposure to Amoxicillin/Clavulanic Acid on the Developmental Enamel Defects in Mice

et al. 2015

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Amoxicillin used in early childhood may be associated with enamel hypomineralization. Our aim was to assess disturbances of amelogenesis in mice lower incisors induced by chronic administration of amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (AMC). Twenty-eight C57BL/6 male mice, of similar age, randomly divided into a control and 3 treatment groups (n ¼ 7) received subcutaneous injection, once per day, for 60 days: 50, 100, and 150 mg/kg BW of AMC. Scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis in AMC treatment groups showed higher content in F and a decrease in P and Ca. Morphology changes ranged from scratched patterns, and small isolated pits-like enamel loss, to generalized demineralized enamel surface, giving a rough, foamy, scaly, or even cracked eggshell appearance to the affected areas. Histological analysis showed disturbances of maturation ameloblasts, which were less organized, with increased amounts of clear vacuoles in the cytoplasm and slightly more elongated and less condensed nucleus. Additionally, they were often detached from the enamel matrix. Transitional ameloblasts formed underlying the cysts of varied sizes. In conclusion, AMC dose-dependently affect ameloblast functions especially in the maturation phase, causing hypomineralized enamel formation with quantitative and/or qualitative defects.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Chronic Exposure to Amoxicillin/Clavulanic Acid on the Developmental Enamel Defects in Mice

et al. 2015

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“…Şiddetli vakalar için dentin tübülleri esas geçiş yolunu oluşturur. Sürekli birinci büyük azı dişle-rinde sürme sırasında dentin kanallarının geniş olmasından dolayı bakteri invazyonu hızlı olmaktadır (29).…”

Section: Bakh Görülen Dişlerin Karakteristik öZellikleriunclassified

“…Etkilenen ve etkilenmeyen mine tabakası arasındaki geçiş bölgesinin etkilenen tarafa yakın kısmındaki prizma yapısı değişmiştir. Bu nedenden dolayı restorasyonun tutuculuğunda problemler meydana gelebilmektedir (29).…”

Section: Bakh Görülen Dişlerin Karakteristik öZellikleriunclassified

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Current View on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Molar Incisor Hypomineralization

Güner¹,

Salcıoğlu²

2016

Clin Exp Health Sci

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Yeditepe Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi, İstanbul, Türkiye Molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) is defined as the hypomineralization of one or more first permanent molars with or without the involvement of the maxillary and mandibular permanent incisors. Although the etiology of MIH remains unclear, several etiological factors, such as the genetic and environmental factors and systemic disturbance during pre-, peri-, and postnatal period, can cause enamel defects and their occurrence. The prevalence of MIH is reported to be between 2.4% and 25% in different communities. Teeth with MIH are extremely hypersensitive, prone to rapid caries development, and can be difficult to manage in young patients, and thus, dentists may have difficulties during diagnosis, treatment planning, and managing children with MIH during treatment. Early diagnosis is essential because rapid breakdown of tooth structure may occur, resulting in acute symptoms and complicated treatment. This study aimed to review the diagnosis and etiological factors involved in the occurrence of MIH and to evaluate treatment approaches in the management of MIH. Keywords: Molar incisor hypomineralization, children, incisor, molar GİRİŞ Tanımı ve Oluşum MekanizmasıBir veya birkaç sürekli birinci büyük azı dişi ile birlikte sürekli keser dişlerinde etkilenebildiği, etiyolojisi tam olarak bilinmeyen, amelogenezisin olgunlaşma safhasında gözlenen, sistemik kaynaklı klinik hipomineralizasyona büyük azı keser hipomineralizasyonu (BAKH) denir (1). Son yıllarda yapılan çalışmalarda BAKH'nin sadece daimi dişleri etkilediği düşünülürken, Elfrink ve ark. (2) süt dişlerinde de BAKH görüldüğünü bildirmişler ve süt dişlerinin etkilendiği bu hipomineralizasyonu "süt azı keser hipomineralizasyonu" olarak tanımlamışlardır (2, 3). Doku anomalileri dişlerin organik matriks yapımı ve mineralizasyonunun histogenez döneminde karşılaştığı etkenler sonucunda meydana gelmektedir. Amelogenezis 3 ana evreden oluşur (4). Salgılama Evresi: Ameloblastlar mine matriks proteini üretirler. Mine oluşumu öncelikle tüberkül tepelerinden başlar ve servikale doğru ilerler. Hidroksiapatit kristalleri uzayarak büyümeye başlar ve bu sayede mine tabakası kalınlaşır. Bu evrede minenin %20'si mineralden oluşurken geri kalan kısmı ise su ve mine matriks proteininden oluşmaktadır (4).Geçiş Evresi: Mine matriks salgılanması sonucunda mine tam kalınlığına ulaşır. Ameloblastlar olgunlaşma evresindeki ameloblastlara dönüşür (4).Olgunlaşma Evresi: Olgun ameloblastlar mineralizasyonu düzenlerler ve mine tabakası sertleşir, kalınlaşır, kristaller büyür, mineralizasyonun %95'i tamamlanmış olur. Doğumda sekonder mineralizasyon tüberkül tepelerinden itibaren başlar ve mineralizasyon doğumdan sonraki 1 yıl boyunca devam eder (4).

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“…The majority of reports are from European populations, with prevalence rates ranging from 5.9% to 38% [10,11]. Other Non-European prevalence data also demonstrate extreme variations with a prevalence rate as low as 2.8 % in Hong Kong [12] and a rate as high as 40.2% in Brazilian children [13]. The extensive variation in the described rates is suggested to be either due to actual differences in MIH prevalence between different populations, variations in age cohorts, masking of MIH by other conditions, or most importantly, due to the different clinical examination protocols used to define this condition and the non-uniform methods of classification and scoring indices [14][15][16][17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Definition and scoring system of molar incisor hypomineralization: A review

Allam¹,

Ghoneima²,

Kula³

2017

Dent Oral Craniofac Res

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Objectives: A definition and classification system for molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) was first suggested by the European Academy of Pediatric Dentistry (EAPD) in 2003. Since then, there has been growing interest in these mineralization defects due to esthetic and cariogenic susceptibility concerns. The aim of this review was to evaluate studies on MIH in an attempt to provide evidence for consistency and standardization of MIH definition and severity scoring reporting by clinicians and researchers.Methods: Included were studies (research papers and reviews) focusing on MIH affected populations and containing a definition and scoring system. Only English language articles published in the period 2001 to 2015 were considered. Study selection and data extraction were performed by two independent investigators.Results: More than half of the publications used the EAPD definition and fewer than half of the prevalence reports have either used the EAPD criteria or the developmental defects of enamel (DDE) index as their classification system. Others have either incorporated modifications or created their own scoring criteria. The lack of standardized definition and heterogeneity of scoring systems used might explain the considerable variability in prevalence figures. Conclusion:In order to better define the diagnostic criteria and the treatment needs for those patients, a globally accepted standardized protocol for scoring system is required.

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Molar Incisor Hypomineralization: Morphological, Aetiological, Epidemiological and Clinical Considerations

Cited by 19 publications

References 67 publications

The Role of Chronic Exposure to Amoxicillin/Clavulanic Acid on the Developmental Enamel Defects in Mice

The Role of Chronic Exposure to Amoxicillin/Clavulanic Acid on the Developmental Enamel Defects in Mice

Current View on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Molar Incisor Hypomineralization

Definition and scoring system of molar incisor hypomineralization: A review

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