MolCom system with downlink/uplink biocyber interface for Internet of Bio‐NanoThings

Abstract

Inspired by wireless communication systems, we propose a feasible downlink/uplink biocyber interface for the expected targeted drug delivery system based on Internet of Biological NanoThing (IoBNT) paradigm. The downlink/uplink biocyber interface of IoBNT comprises Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) and Molecular Communication (MolCom) technology. On the downlink (from Internet to targeted nanonetwork), the biocyber interface transduces electromagnetic (EM) signal to biochemical signals, and thus with the help of mobile MolCom system based on FRET nanocommunication, the drug information delivers to the diseased cell within the targeted intrabody nanonetwork. On the uplink, the MolCom system consists of embedded sensor/actuator nanonetwork to detect the biochemical changes in the targeted cell, and hence biocyber interface transduces the biochemical signal to EM signal. As a result, the paradigm of IoBNT responses by proper functions to these changes according to the decision of medical health care. The performance analysis of the proposed IoBNT system is numerically investigated through MolCom system-based FRET, while the performance evaluation is evaluated by employing spreading epidemic scheme in terms of success-ful probability of drug delivery, channel capacity, average drug-delivery time, and throughput. The simulation results show that the proposed IoBNT is a promising paradigm for smart drug delivery system, and its performance is mainly based on the nanostructure and the characteristic of molecular nanomachines in the targeted nanonetwork.

A Systematic Review of Bio-Cyber Interface Technologies and Security Issues for Internet of Bio-Nano Things

“…FRET (Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer) mechanism has been adopted by El-atty et al [174] to model uplink/downlink bio-cyber interface for the Internet of bio nano things. In FRET-based optical sensing, biocyber interface is designed for targeted drug delivery applications of IoBNT.…”

Light Energy Driven Nanocommunications With FRET in Photosynthetic Systems

“…A broad overview of FRET-based communications can be found in [37] with the focus on networking and architecture aspects, as well as on applications. Also, interesting interfacing techniques between fluorescent molecules with bioluminescent stimulation and some larger medical systems are discussed in [38] and [15], connecting FRET-based networks with neurons as well [39]. A broad discussion on interfaces between FRET-type communications and other networks can be found in [12].…”

Efficient Framework Analysis for Targeted Drug Delivery Based on Internet of Bio-NanoThings

“…Therefore, many of researchers have focused their efforts to introduce such solutions, with the help of molecular communications technology. We have introduced some contributions [ 14 – 20 ] in such area. Here, the fundamental goal of our proposed model is to achieve the desired therapeutic medicaments for delivering targeted drug molecules to the diseased cells and hence to reduce the side effects around healthy cells on the same site and thus improved the pharmacokinetic system.…”