Molecular Analysis of Caprine Enterovirus Circulating in China during 2016–2021: Evolutionary Significance

Chang, Xiaoran; Lin, Qian; Zhang, Qun; Hu, Junying; Tursun, Gulbahar; Deng, Yingrui; Guo, Chunguang; Wang, Xinping

doi:10.3390/v14051051

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The ovine EV-G strains from Farm TB most likely belong to the EV-G5 type as the other previously described ovine EV-G strains of the same farm ( 42 ). Based on considerable sequence divergence (15% aa) in the VP1, the ovine/EV/HBSz-GI-3/2020-HUN is most likely a founding member of a novel genotype, tentatively designated as “EV-G25.” Based on the results of 3D RdRp cluster- and VP1 capsid-based phylogenetic analyses, the identified EV-G viruses circulating in caprine and ovine farms in Hungary are remarkably diverse; multiple types of EV-G could be present simultaneously in the populations with possible interspecies transmissions of these viruses between ovine and caprine similar as suggested before ( 21 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

The genomic and epidemiological investigations of enteric viruses of domestic caprine ( Capra hircus ) revealed the presence of multiple novel viruses related to known strains of humans and ruminant livestock species

Boros,

Pankovics,

László

et al. 2023

Microbiol Spectr

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In this study, the enteric virome of diarrheic caprine was investigated using next-generation sequencing, reverse transcription PCR methods, and bioinformatics analyses. The complete or nearly complete genomes of seven novel viruses including (i) a caprine astrovirus (OQ758025) of family Astroviridae , four picornaviruses in genera (ii) Boosepivirus (OQ758026), (iii) Enterovirus (OQ758028), (iv) Kobuvirus (OQ758029), and (v) an unassigned picornavirus provisionally called as capripivirus (from the term capri ne pi corna virus ) of the family Picornaviridae (OQ758027), as well as (vi) a tusavirus of family Parvoviridae (OL692339.2) and an (vii) unassigned CRESS DNA virus (OQ758030) have been identified. Structural analyses of the internal ribosomal entry sites revealed the presence of unique motifs and suggest the modular exchange of certain elements between co-infecting viruses. Epidemiological investigations and genotyping PCR reactions of identified RNA virus groups were also conducted using multiple “ in-house ” developed SYBRgreen-based screening quantitative PCR (qPCR) assays and generic capsid primers on additional fecal samples from ruminant livestock species ( n = 62 caprine, n = 32 ovine, and n = 94 cattle) of three different age groups from n = 12 geographically distant sampling sites in Hungary. The results of qPCR screening assays as well as K-means cluster and phylogenetic analyses of the determined sequences suggest that diverse members of the above RNA virus groups were found in all age groups, but mostly in <1-year-old ruminants. Members of the analyzed virus groups were found frequently (37.2%) in multiple (even in quintuple) co-infections, while strains related closely to the identified index viruses were detectable only in certain caprine and ovine samples indicating a wide range of viral diversity. IMPORTANCE Compared with other domestic animals, the virome and viral diversity of small ruminants especially in caprine are less studied even of its zoonotic potential. In this study, the enteric virome of caprine was investigated in detail using next-generation sequencing and reverse transcription PCR techniques. The complete or nearly complete genomes of seven novel viruses were determined which show a close phylogenetic relationship to known human and ruminant viruses. The high similarity between the identified caprine tusavirus (family Parvoviridae ) and an unassigned CRESS DNA virus with closely related human strains could indicate the (reverse) zoonotic potential of these viruses. Others, like astroviruses (family Astroviridae ), enteroviruses, or novel caripiviruses (named after the term capri ne pi corna virus ) of family Picornaviridae found mostly in multiple co-infections in caprine and ovine, could indicate the cross-species transmission capabilities of these viruses between small ruminants.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

The genomic and epidemiological investigations of enteric viruses of domestic caprine ( Capra hircus ) revealed the presence of multiple novel viruses related to known strains of humans and ruminant livestock species

Boros,

Pankovics,

László

et al. 2023

Microbiol Spectr

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“…cDNA synthesis was performed using SuperScript TM Ⅱ Reverse Transcriptase (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA) following the manufacturer’s instruction. PCR was performed using Taq DNA polymerase (Takara, Dalian, China) as described previously [ 15 ]. The primer sequences designed according to 5′UTR were listed as follows.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…IPMA was performed as previously described [ 15 ]. Vero cells were seeded in 24-well plates and were infected with the recovered CEV-JL14 viruses from infected mice.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Neonatal Murine Model for Caprine Enterovirus Infection and the Viral Tissue Tropism

Zhang

Chang

et al. 2023

Viruses

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As the first caprine enterovirus identified from goat herds characterized by severe diarrhea with a high morbidity and mortality rate, the underlying pathogenesis and tissue tropism for CEV-JL14 remains largely unknown. Here, we reported the establishment of a neonatal murine model for caprine enterovirus and the unveiling of the tissue tropism and underlying pathogenesis for CEV-JL14 enterovirus. Susceptible murine strains, the infective dose, the infective routes, viral loads, and tissue tropism for CEV-JL14 infection were determined. The findings showed that ICR mice were susceptible to CEV-JL14 infection via all infection routes. Tissue viral load analysis showed that CEV-JL14 was detected in almost all tissues including the heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, intestine, brain, and muscle, with significantly higher viral loads in the heart, liver, lung, kidney, and intestine. These results revealed the pattern of viral load and tropism for CEV-JL14 and provided a model system for elucidating the pathogenesis of CEV-JL14 viruses.

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“…Enteroviruses are a group of positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses belonging to the picornaviridae family. Based on the molecular and antigenic properties, they are divided into 15 species, seven of which can infect humans, including four enteroviruses (EV-A, EV-B, EV-C, EV-D) and three rhinoviruses (RV-A, RV-B, RV-C) [ 1 , 2 ]. Enteroviruses can cause a wide range of clinical illnesses in humans.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MAVS-Based Reporter Systems for Real-Time Imaging of EV71 Infection and Antiviral Testing

Yang

et al. 2023

Viruses

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Enterovirus consists of a variety of viruses that could cause a wide range of illness in human. The pathogenesis of these viruses remains incompletely understood and no specific treatment is available. Better methods to study enterovirus infection in live cells will help us better understand the pathogenesis of these viruses and might contribute to antiviral development. Here in this study, we developed fluorescent cell-based reporter systems that allow sensitive distinction of individual cells infected with enterovirus 71 (EV71). More importantly, these systems could be easily used for live-cell imaging by monitoring viral-induced fluorescence translocation after EV71 infection. We further demonstrated that these reporter systems could be used to study other enterovirus-mediated MAVS cleavage and they are sensitive for antiviral activity testing. Therefore, integration of these reporters with modern image-based analysis has the potential to generate new insights into enterovirus infection and facilitate antiviral development.

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Molecular Analysis of Caprine Enterovirus Circulating in China during 2016–2021: Evolutionary Significance

Cited by 6 publications

References 30 publications

The genomic and epidemiological investigations of enteric viruses of domestic caprine ( Capra hircus ) revealed the presence of multiple novel viruses related to known strains of humans and ruminant livestock species

The genomic and epidemiological investigations of enteric viruses of domestic caprine ( Capra hircus ) revealed the presence of multiple novel viruses related to known strains of humans and ruminant livestock species

A Neonatal Murine Model for Caprine Enterovirus Infection and the Viral Tissue Tropism

MAVS-Based Reporter Systems for Real-Time Imaging of EV71 Infection and Antiviral Testing

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