Molecular and classical chromosomal techniques reveal diversity in bushcricket genera of Barbitistini (Orthoptera)

Abstract

The cytogenetic characteristics of 17 species of bushcricket belonging to eight genera of the tribe Barbitistini were examined by fluorescence in situ hybridization with 18S rDNA and (TTAGGn) telomeric as probes and by C-banding, silver, and fluorochrome staining. These markers were used to understand chromosomal organization and evolutionary relationships between genera or species within the same genus. The number of 18S rDNA clusters per haploid genome that co-localized with active nucleolus organizer regions (NORs) ranged from one to five, with the most common pattern being the presence of one NOR-bearing chromosome. This ribosomal cistron was preferentially located in the paracentromeric region of autosomes and very rarely in the sex chromosome. The results demonstrated coincidence between the localization of major ribosomal genes and active NORs and the position of C-band and GC-rich regions. The rDNA/NOR distribution and the composition of chromosome heterochromatin proved to be good cytogenetic markers for distinguishing species and phylogenetic lines and for understanding the genomic differentiation and evolution of Barbitistini. A comparison of cytogenetic and morphological or behavioral traits suggests that morphological and behavioral specialization in this group was not followed by major karyotype modification (except for Leptophyes). However, the occurrence and distribution of different repetitive DNA sites tends to vary among the taxa.

The genus Ectadia (Orthoptera: Phaneropteridae: Phaneropterinae) in East Asia: description of a new species, comparison of its complex song and duetting behavior with that of E. fulva and notes on the biology of E. fulva

“…Similar heteromorphism has been observed in other bushcrickets (e.g. Warchałowska-Śliwa et al 2013, Grzywacz et al 2014.…”

Ecology, acoustics and chromosomes of the East African genus Afroanthracites Hemp & Ingrisch (Orthoptera, Tettigoniidae, Conocephalinae, Agraeciini) with the description of new species

“…In both genera, rDNA sites were found in the interstitial region, what suggests that these rDNA-bearing autosomes probably take part in karyotype rearrangements. The presence of interstitial rDNA loci on a bivalent with biarmed or acrocentric autosomes was previously observed in some of the Bradyporinae karyotypes with reduction of chromosome numbers either by Robertsonian translocation or tandem fusion (Warchałowska-Śliwa et al 2013). Generally, in most of the tettigoniids rDNA loci coincide with active NORs and GC-rich heterochromatin (e.g.…”

“…The silver staining method (with AgNO 3 ) was used for locating nucleolar organizer regions (NORs) and carried out as described previously (Warchałowska-Śliwa and Maryańska-Nadachowska 1992). Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with 18S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) was performed according to Warchałowska-Śliwa et al (2009). A probe containing the 1.8 kb fragment 18S rDNA gene of Isophya adamovici (Orthoptera) (Warchałowska-Śliwa et al 2009) was labelled biotin-16-dUTP.…”

“…Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with 18S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) was performed according to Warchałowska-Śliwa et al (2009). A probe containing the 1.8 kb fragment 18S rDNA gene of Isophya adamovici (Orthoptera) (Warchałowska-Śliwa et al 2009) was labelled biotin-16-dUTP. Slides were counterstained with DAPI (4,6-diamidini-2phenylindole) and then mounted in an anti-fade medium with DABCO (1-4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane).…”

“…Grzywacz et al , 2014Warchałowska-Śliwa et al 2011Warchałowska-Śliwa et al , 2013 and some African phaneropterines (Hemp et al 2010b;2013a, b). Mapping of the location rDNA/NORs clusters and two heterochromatin classes may be used to identify some chromosome markers useful for studying genomic organization and diversity of Afroanthracites and Afroagraecia as well as for a comparison with earlier described karyotypes in Agraeciini.…”