Molecular Approaches to Maize Improvement

Badu‐Apraku, B.; Fakorede, M. A. B.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-64852-1_8

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 89 publications

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“…Maize ( Zea mays L.) is the most important crop with the highest yield potential and wider adaptability among cereals. It is cultivated in all climates such as the tropics, sub‐tropics, and temperate conditions (Badu‐Apraku & Fakorede, 2017; FAO, 2022; Flora et al., 2023; Zhang et al., 2022). It is also both an exciting model plant in plant genetics and the most utilized crop worldwide for food, animal feed, and bioenergy production (Bello et al., 2011; Rene et al., 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemic development and management of common leaf rust (Puccinia sorghi Schwein) and turcicum leaf blight [Exserohilum turcicum (Pass.)] of maize (Zea mays L.) in eastern Ethiopia

Mohammed,

Bekeko,

Tesso

2023

Agrosystems Geosci & Env

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Maize production and productivity are affected by biotic and abiotic factors. Among the biotic factors, fungal diseases incited by common leaf rust (CLR) and turciccum leaf blight (TLB) are the most important foliar diseases of the crop in Ethiopia. A field experiment was conducted at Haramaya University, research station “Raare,” during the 2019/2020 main cropping season. The objectives of the study were to investigate the effect of host resistance and fungicide application on the epidemic development of CLR and TLB, yield and yield components of maize, and the management of these foliar diseases. Four maize varieties (Afranqalloo, Bate, Gibee‐3, and Raare‐1) and Mancozeb at four different rates (0, 1.5, 3.0, and 4.5 kg ha−1) were evaluated under field conditions against the diseases. The treatments were laid out in a factorial arrangement in a randomized complete block design with three replications. All disease and agronomic data were collected during the experimental season. The results from analysis of variance showed that the combination of the variety Bate with Mancozeb at a rate of 4.5 kg ha−1 proved to be the best treatment combination for managing both diseases. Similarly, Mancozeb at a rate of 4.5 kg ha−1 resulted in the lowest CLR and TLB disease incidence and severity (60.4% and 21.0%; 63.7% and 41.78%), respectively. Likewise, the highest grain yield (8392 kg ha−1) and thousand kernel weights of 529 g and the lowest epidemic development were recorded from the variety Bate treated with 4.5 kg ha−1 Mancozeb. The result also revealed that the integration of host resistance (the variety Bate) with 4.5 kg ha−1 Mancozeb was the most effective treatment in reducing CLR and TLB epidemic development and in increasing the grain yield of maize. The economic analysis also showed the presence of the highest marginal rate of return from the Bate variety treated with 4.5 kg ha−1 Mancozeb compared to other treatment combinations. Thus, it is concluded that the variety Bate treated with 4.5 kg ha−1 Mancozeb can be used to improve maize production and productivity in the study area and elsewhere with similar agroecologies.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemic development and management of common leaf rust (Puccinia sorghi Schwein) and turcicum leaf blight [Exserohilum turcicum (Pass.)] of maize (Zea mays L.) in eastern Ethiopia

Mohammed,

Bekeko,

Tesso

2023

Agrosystems Geosci & Env

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“…The development of functional markers within the finely mapped interval of the major QTL will enable the introgression of resistant alleles into elite breeding material through MAS, after the marker effects are verified in breeding materials. Compared to conventional breeding, MAS breeding is an indirect selection technique, where the selection is based on markers tightly linked to the genomic regions regulating the target trait, rather than the trait itself (Badu-Apraku and Fakorede 2017 ). Subsequently, the favorable alleles are transferred from the donor lines to the recipient lines for the improvement of the target trait.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and fine mapping of a major QTL (qRtsc8-1) conferring resistance to maize tar spot complex and validation of production markers in breeding lines

Ren

Huestis

et al. 2022

Theor Appl Genet

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Key message A major QTL of qRtsc8-1 conferring TSC resistance was identified and fine mapped to a 721 kb region on chromosome 8 at 81 Mb, and production markers were validated in breeding lines. Abstract Tar spot complex (TSC) is a major foliar disease of maize in many Central and Latin American countries and leads to severe yield loss. To dissect the genetic architecture of TSC resistance, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) panel and a bi-parental doubled haploid population were used for GWAS and selective genotyping analysis, respectively. A total of 115 SNPs in bin 8.03 were detected by GWAS and three QTL in bins 6.05, 6.07, and 8.03 were detected by selective genotyping. The major QTL qRtsc8-1 located in bin 8.03 was detected by both analyses, and it explained 14.97% of the phenotypic variance. To fine map qRtsc8-1, the recombinant-derived progeny test was implemented. Recombinations in each generation were backcrossed, and the backcross progenies were genotyped with Kompetitive Allele Specific PCR (KASP) markers and phenotyped for TSC resistance individually. The significant tests for comparing the TSC resistance between the two classes of progenies with and without resistant alleles were used for fine mapping. In BC5 generation, qRtsc8-1 was fine mapped in an interval of ~ 721 kb flanked by markers of KASP81160138 and KASP81881276. In this interval, the candidate genes GRMZM2G063511 and GRMZM2G073884 were identified, which encode an integral membrane protein-like and a leucine-rich repeat receptor-like protein kinase, respectively. Both genes are involved in maize disease resistance responses. Two production markers KASP81160138 and KASP81160155 were verified in 471 breeding lines. This study provides valuable information for cloning the resistance gene, and it will also facilitate the routine implementation of marker-assisted selection in the breeding pipeline for improving TSC resistance.

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Molecular Approaches to Maize Improvement

Cited by 2 publications

References 89 publications

Epidemic development and management of common leaf rust (Puccinia sorghi Schwein) and turcicum leaf blight [Exserohilum turcicum (Pass.)] of maize (Zea mays L.) in eastern Ethiopia

Epidemic development and management of common leaf rust (Puccinia sorghi Schwein) and turcicum leaf blight [Exserohilum turcicum (Pass.)] of maize (Zea mays L.) in eastern Ethiopia

Identification and fine mapping of a major QTL (qRtsc8-1) conferring resistance to maize tar spot complex and validation of production markers in breeding lines

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