Molecular biochemical aspects of salt (sodium chloride) in inflammation and immune response with reference to hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus

Das, Undurti N.

doi:10.1186/s12944-021-01507-8

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 221 publications

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“…Recently, sodium was shown to modulate oxidative stress and inflammation, alter the autonomic nervous system, and cause innate and adaptive immune dysfunction [ 20 ]. .Many studies have shown that high sodium and chloride are directly associated with depression [ 21 ].…”

Section: Conclusion and Directions For Future Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between depressive disorders and biochemical indicators in adult men and women

Mao

Zhu

et al. 2023

BMC Psychiatry

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Background Depression is a psychiatric disorder with global public health concerns. Although a number of risk factors have been identified for depression, there is no clear relationship between biochemistry and depression. In this study, we assessed whether depressive disorders are significantly associated with biochemical indicators. Methods Our study included 17,561 adults (age ≥ 18 years) participating in the 2009-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). The relationship between depression and biochemical and obesity indicators was analyzed by logistic regression. Results As compared to the control group, men with depression showed significantly higher levels of gamma-glutamyl transferase, glucose, and triglycerides, and lower levels of albumin and total bilirubin. The depressed group had higher levels of alkaline phosphatase, bicarbonate, and sodium than the control group. Conclusion Several biochemical and anthropometric indices were associated with depression in this study. It would be interesting to further analyze their cause-effect relationship. Limitations This study is a cross-sectional study. The population is less restricted and does not exclude people with diabetes, pregnancy, etc., so it is less significant for a specific population. Dietary information was not included, as diet plays an important role in many indicators.

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Section: Conclusion and Directions For Future Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between depressive disorders and biochemical indicators in adult men and women

Mao

Zhu

et al. 2023

BMC Psychiatry

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“…In adults, salt loading increased the formation of LA-related oxylipins [ 78 ]. Additionally, sodium has been hypothesized to inactivate fatty acid desaturases that synthesize ARA from LA and EPA and DHA from ALA [ 79 ]. Sodium also increases the expression of the COX2 enzyme, which synthesizes oxylipins [ 80 , 81 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Oxylipin-Related Nutrient Pattern and Risk of Type 1 Diabetes in the Diabetes Autoimmunity Study in the Young (DAISY)

et al. 2023

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Oxylipins, pro-inflammatory and pro-resolving lipid mediators, are associated with the risk of type 1 diabetes (T1D) and may be influenced by diet. This study aimed to develop a nutrient pattern related to oxylipin profiles and test their associations with the risk of T1D among youth. The nutrient patterns were developed with a reduced rank regression in a nested case-control study (n = 335) within the Diabetes Autoimmunity Study in the Young (DAISY), a longitudinal cohort of children at risk of T1D. The oxylipin profiles (adjusted for genetic predictors) were the response variables. The nutrient patterns were tested in the case-control study (n = 69 T1D cases, 69 controls), then validated in the DAISY cohort using a joint Cox proportional hazards model (n = 1933, including 81 T1D cases). The first nutrient pattern (NP1) was characterized by low beta cryptoxanthin, flavanone, vitamin C, total sugars and iron, and high lycopene, anthocyanidins, linoleic acid and sodium. After adjusting for T1D family history, the HLA genotype, sex and race/ethnicity, NP1 was associated with a lower risk of T1D in the nested case-control study (OR: 0.44, p = 0.0126). NP1 was not associated with the risk of T1D (HR: 0.54, p-value = 0.1829) in the full DAISY cohort. Future studies are needed to confirm the nested case-control findings and investigate the modifiable factors for oxylipins.

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“…Adaptive immune response, and in particular, lymphocytes, seem to have a role in the pathobiology of hypertension and vascular diseases [29]. This is supported by the observation that inflammation and immune activation are involved in the pathobiology of endothelial dysfunction, hypertension, and pre-eclampsia [29][30][31]. Preeclampsia is characterized by hypertension, fluid retention, peripheral edema and headache and in some instances convulsions and is responsible for IUGR of the fetus.…”

Section: Trpm8 Trpv Channels Nociceptor Function and Immunosurveillancementioning

confidence: 91%

Potential Role of TRPM8 in Cold-Induced Hypertension and Its Clinical Implications

Das

2023

Discovery Medicine

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Seasonal variation in blood pressure that is higher in winter and lower in summer has been attributed to several factors that include changes in the activity of autonomic nervous system, vasopressin and expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). Transient receptor potential melastatin 8 (TRPM8), a non-selective Ca 2+ -permeable cationic channel, serves as a molecular transducer to sense cold by the somatosensory system. TRPM8 is sensitive to protein kinase C (PKC) and phosphatidyl inositol-4,5-biphosphate [PI(4,5)P2] suggesting that TRPM8 is stimulated by phospholipase C (PLC)-coupled receptors. Activated PLC inhibits TRPM8 by reducing cellular PI(4,5)P2 levels and by activating PKC via diacyl glycerol. Bradykinin and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), which are pro-inflammatory molecules, reduce the responses to cold, suggesting that phospholipase A2 (PLA2), which releases polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), the precursors of various eicosanoids, from the cell membrane lipid pool can modulate the function of TRPM8. TRPM8 functions as a nociceptor and modulates immune response. These and other studies indicate that cold-induced activation of transient receptor potential melastatin 8 (TRPM8) plays a role in the pathobiology of hypertension, preeclampsia and in the regulation of inflammation and immunity.

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Molecular biochemical aspects of salt (sodium chloride) in inflammation and immune response with reference to hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus

Cited by 10 publications

References 221 publications

Relationship between depressive disorders and biochemical indicators in adult men and women

Relationship between depressive disorders and biochemical indicators in adult men and women

An Oxylipin-Related Nutrient Pattern and Risk of Type 1 Diabetes in the Diabetes Autoimmunity Study in the Young (DAISY)

Potential Role of TRPM8 in Cold-Induced Hypertension and Its Clinical Implications

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