Molecular Biology of Ovarian Cancer: From Mechanisms of Intraperitoneal Metastasis to Therapeutic Opportunities

Książek, Krzysztof

doi:10.3390/cancers13071661

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The second reason for OC patients having differing prognoses according to which surgical procedures are performed, may be related to differences in tumor biology. Although in recent years, our knowledge about the molecular mechanisms of ovarian cancer spread has increased [29], little is known about the relationship between tumor biology and the types of OC spread. OC is a heterogeneous disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of splenectomy and diaphragmatic surgery on perioperative morbidity and overall survival of ovarian cancer patients

et al. 2023

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Objectives:The prognosis of ovarian cancer (OC), among other factors, depends on residual disease after primary debulking surgery (PDS) and initial disease advancement. The main aim of our study was to evaluate the survival benefits of splenectomy and diaphragmatic surgery in OC patients, when the procedures result in resection to no macroscopic residual disease or minimal residual disease [tumor nodules below 2.5 mm according to Sugarbaker's completeness of cytoreduction score (CC) = 1]. Material and methods:The study included 25 OC patients after splenectomy procedures, 28 patients after diaphragmatic surgery and 17 patients who had undergone both splenectomy and diaphragmatic surgery. Patients' overall survival (OS) was compared with residual disease-matched controls (47 patients) who had upper abdomen involvement but no requirement for splenectomy and/or diaphragmatic surgery.Results: Overall survival of patients after splenectomy was not significantly different from OS of patients who did not required splenectomy (36.1 vs 31.6 months; p = 0.85). No differences in OS were observed between patients who did and did not require diaphragmatic surgery (31.3 vs 41.8; p = 0.33). Similarly, we found no differences in OS between patients who underwent both splenectomy and diaphragmatic surgery and those patients who did not require either procedure (20.1 vs 31.6 months; p = 0.45). Splenectomies and diaphragmatic surgeries were associated with prolonged hospitalization and length of surgery, however, no specific morbidity related to the procedures was observed. Conclusions:In the cases of advanced OC, diaphragm and spleen involvement do not hamper patient prognosis when adequately resected.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of splenectomy and diaphragmatic surgery on perioperative morbidity and overall survival of ovarian cancer patients

et al. 2023

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“…Consequently, the five-year survival rate for women diagnosed with invasive epithelial OC in a distant Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) stage is 31% [ 20 ]. In spite of substantial research efforts, the molecular mechanisms of OC’s origin, initiation, and progression still remain largely unclear [ 21 ]. Given the lack of effective diagnostic tools and treatment strategies, it is hence of utmost importance to identify new molecular markers involved in the pathogenesis of OC, with a view to offering novel, targeted, biological therapeutic approaches.…”

Section: Ovarian Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

The EPH/Ephrin System in Gynecological Cancers: Focusing on the Roots of Carcinogenesis for Better Patient Management

Psilopatis

Pergaris

Vrettou

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Gynecological cancers represent some of the most common types of malignancy worldwide. Erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular receptors (EPHs) comprise the largest subfamily of receptor tyrosine kinases, binding membrane-bound proteins called ephrins. EPHs/ephrins exhibit widespread expression in different cell types, playing an important role in carcinogenesis. The aim of the current review was to examine the dysregulation of the EPH/ephrin system in gynecological cancer, clarifying its role in ovarian, endometrial, and cervical carcinogenesis. In order to identify relevant studies, a literature review was conducted using the MEDLINE and LIVIVO databases. The search terms ephrin, ephrin receptor, ovarian cancer, endometrial cancer, and cervical cancer were employed and we were able to identify 57 studies focused on gynecological cancer and published between 2001 and 2021. All researched ephrins seemed to be upregulated in gynecological cancer, whereas EPHs showed either significant overexpression or extensive loss of expression in gynecological tumors, depending on the particular receptor. EPHA2, the most extensively studied EPH in ovarian cancer, exhibited overexpression both in ovarian carcinoma cell lines and patient tissue samples, while EPHB4 was found to be upregulated in endometrial cancer in a series of studies. EPHs/ephrins were shown to exert their role in different stages of gynecological cancer and to influence various clinicopathological parameters. The analysis of patients’ gynecological cancer tissue samples, most importantly, revealed the significant role of the EPH/ephrin system in the development and progression of gynecological cancer, as well as overall patient survival. In conclusion, the EPH/ephrin system represents a large family of biomolecules with promising applications in the fields of diagnosis, prognosis, disease monitoring, and treatment of gynecological cancer, with an established important clinical impact.

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“…Small residual lesions after cytoreductive surgery are important reasons for its recurrence. The metastasis of intraperitoneal dissemination of ovarian cancer poses a significant challenge to traditional methods to remove the residual disease [ 3 , 4 ]. Therefore, it is imperative to find new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies that can effectively eradicate both in situ tumors and metastatic lesions of ovarian cancer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photoacoustic mediated multifunctional tumor antigen trapping nanoparticles inhibit the recurrence and metastasis of ovarian cancer by enhancing tumor immunogenicity

Zhong

Zhao

et al. 2022

J Nanobiotechnol

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The hypoimmunogenicity of tumors is one of the main bottlenecks of cancer immunotherapy. Enhancing tumor immunogenicity can improve the efficacy of tumor immunotherapy by increasing antigen exposure and presentation, and establishing an inflammatory microenvironment. Here, a multifunctional antigen trapping nanoparticle with indocyanine green (ICG), aluminum hydroxide (Al(OH)3) and oxaliplatin (OXA) (PPIAO) has been developed for tumor photoacoustic/ultrasound dual-modality imaging and therapy. The combination of photothermal/photodynamic therapy and chemotherapy induced tumor antigen exposure and release through immunogenic death of tumor cells. A timely capture and storage of antigens by aluminum hydroxide enabled dendritic cells to recognize and present those antigens spatiotemporally. In an ovarian tumor model, the photoacoustic-mediated PPIAO NPs combination therapy achieved a transition from “cold tumor” to “hot tumor” that promoted more CD8+ T lymphocytes activation in vivo and intratumoral infiltration, and successfully inhibited the growth of primary and metastatic tumors. An in situ tumor vaccine effect was produced from the treated tumor tissue, assisting mice against the recurrence of tumor cells. This study provided a simple and effective personalized tumor vaccine strategy for better treatment of metastatic and recurrent tumors. The developed multifunctional tumor antigen trapping nanoparticles may be a promising nanoplatform for integrating multimodal imaging monitoring, tumor treatment, and tumor vaccine immunotherapy.

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Molecular Biology of Ovarian Cancer: From Mechanisms of Intraperitoneal Metastasis to Therapeutic Opportunities

Abstract: Ovarian cancer (OC) is one of the most frequent malignancies of the female genital tract, and is still the leading cause of death from gynecological tumors [...]

Cited by 4 publications

References 26 publications

The impact of splenectomy and diaphragmatic surgery on perioperative morbidity and overall survival of ovarian cancer patients

The impact of splenectomy and diaphragmatic surgery on perioperative morbidity and overall survival of ovarian cancer patients

The EPH/Ephrin System in Gynecological Cancers: Focusing on the Roots of Carcinogenesis for Better Patient Management

Photoacoustic mediated multifunctional tumor antigen trapping nanoparticles inhibit the recurrence and metastasis of ovarian cancer by enhancing tumor immunogenicity

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