Molecular characteristics of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter spp. from clinical infection samples and fecal survey samples in Southern China

Li, Si; Duan, Xiaonv; Peng, Yuan; Rui, Yongyu

doi:10.1186/s12879-019-4423-3

Cited by 41 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…was the dominant species accounting for 2.3%; this result was similar to our previous report of the positive rate of Acinetobacter spp. [11]. In general, the abundance of Enterobacteriaceae in the normal intestine is greater than Acinetobacter, but the positive rate of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter in the intestine was higher than Enterobacteriaceae in our study.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 51%

Characterization of carbapenem non-susceptible Gram-negative Bacilli isolated from the feces of 10,000 inpatients in Southern China

Duan¹,

Li²,

Peng³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background Carbapenem non-susceptible Gram-negative bacilli (CNS-GNB) were dominant pathogen causing clinical infections. The human intestine was important reservoir of GNB, but there were few studies to analysis the prevalence of fecal colonization with them. Methods Fecal samples were collected from hosiptal screening test for GNB was conducted by using home-made MacConkey agar. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by the automatic microbiology analyzer and drug-resistant genes were characterized by polymerase chain reaction assays and DNA sequencing. The whole genome sequencing were used to analysis the characteristic of genetic structure of the isolates. Results A total of 680 CNS-GNB were collected. Acinetobacter spp. were the dominant species (33.8%) of the 22 genera. Carbapenemase genes were identified in 307 isolates (45.1%), including 206 (30.3%) blaNDM; 51 (7.5%) blaVIM−2, 48 (7.1%) blaIMP, and seven (1.0%) blaKPC−2. The blaNDM genes were first detected in three isolates, Providencia vermicola, Achromobacter spp., and Cupriavidus gilardii. Co-existence of blaVIM and blaIMP genes was detected in five isolates; Achromobacter co-producing VIM and IMP has not been previously reported. The mcr-1 gene was identified in five strains of Acinetobacter and one strain of K. pneumoniae. In addition, we detected seven isolates harboring the blaAFM−1 gene, a novel metallo-β-lactamase gene. This was first genomic analysis of ST11 K. pneumoniae co-producing NDM-5 and mcr-1, which revealed that blaNDM-5 and mcr-1 are located on two different plasmids. The plasmid harboring blaNDM-5, which was composed of a typical IncX3-type backbone, and the mcr-1 gene, was located between an IS30-like element ISApl1 and a PAP2-like encoding gene in the IncHI2-type plasmid. Conclusions the overall prevalence of fecal carriage of CNS-GNB in 10,000 stool samples was 7.45%, and more than half of CNS-GNB produced carbapenemase. Most CNS-GNB cases were associated with infectious disease, multiple hospitalizations, or long-term care, and a high prevalence of underlying disease.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 51%

Characterization of carbapenem non-susceptible Gram-negative Bacilli isolated from the feces of 10,000 inpatients in Southern China

Duan¹,

Li²,

Peng³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…Carbapenem resistance was not detected in A. baumannii, however, 18 (47%) out of 38 A. calcoaceticus and two (40%) out of five A. pittii isolates displayed resistance to carbapenem (Table S1). This is not surprising because not all ABC strains, particularly A. baumannii, possess gene encoding an intrinsic carbapenem-hydrolysing oxacillinase and, among strains that carry this gene, the expression of carbapenemhydrolysing oxacillinase may vary, leading to inter-strain variability in intrinsic resistance to this antibiotic class (Li, Duan, Peng, & Rui, 2019;Poirel & Nordmann, 2006). Isolation of MDR A. baumannii and A. calcoaceticus from backyard poultry flock is concerning because these organisms have been previously isolated from nares of poultry processing plant workers (Leahy, 2015).…”

Section: Acinetobacter Sppmentioning

confidence: 99%

The occurrence of Salmonella, extended‐spectrum β‐lactamase producing Escherichia coli and carbapenem resistant non‐fermenting Gram‐negative bacteria in a backyard poultry flock environment

Shah

Board

Crespo

et al. 2020

Zoonoses and Public Health

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Increase in the number of small‐scale backyard poultry flocks in the USA has substantially increased human‐to‐live poultry contact, leading to increased public health risks of the transmission of multi‐drug resistant (MDR) zoonotic and food‐borne bacteria. The objective of this study was to detect the occurrence of Salmonella and MDR Gram‐negative bacteria (GNB) in the backyard poultry flock environment. A total of 34 backyard poultry flocks in Washington State (WA) were sampled. From each flock, one composite coop sample and three drag swabs from nest floor, waterer‐feeder, and a random site with visible faecal smearing, respectively, were collected. The samples were processed for isolation of Salmonella and other fermenting and non‐fermenting GNB under ceftiofur selection. Each isolate was identified to species level using MALDI‐TOFF and tested for resistance against 16 antibiotics belonging to eight antibiotic classes. Salmonella serovar 1,4,[5],12:i:‐ was isolated from one (3%) out of 34 flocks. Additionally, a total of 133 ceftiofur resistant (CefR) GNB including Escherichia coli (53), Acinetobacter spp. (45), Pseudomonas spp. (22), Achromobacter spp. (8), Bordetella trematum (1), Hafnia alvei (1), Ochrobactrum intermedium (1), Raoultella ornithinolytica (1), and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (1) were isolated. Of these, 110 (82%) isolates displayed MDR. Each flock was found positive for the presence of one or more CefR GNB. Several MDR E. coli (n = 15) were identified as extended‐spectrum β‐lactamase (ESBL) positive. Carbapenem resistance was detected in non‐fermenting GNB including Acinetobacter spp. (n = 20), Pseudomonas spp. (n = 11) and Stenotrophomonas maltophila (n = 1). ESBL positive E. coli and carbapenem resistant non‐fermenting GNB are widespread in the backyard poultry flock environment in WA State. These GNB are known to cause opportunistic infections, especially in immunocompromised hosts. Better understanding of the ecology and epidemiology of these GNB in the backyard poultry flock settings is needed to identify potential risks of transmission to people in proximity.

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“…Biofilm-related genes (bap, ompA, csuE, and bla PER1 ) and colistin resistance-related genes (mcr-1, mcr-2, pmrA, and pmrB) were detected using PCR. [21][22][23] Bacterial DNA extraction was performed in accordance with the boiling method. 24 The PCR assay was carried out in a final volume of 25 μL containing Taq DNA polymerase (1 U; CinnaGen, Iran), dNTPs (100 μM), Taq buffer (5×), DNA template (50 ng), and forward and reverse primers (25 pM).…”

Section: Molecular Detection Of Resistance Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Survey on Genetic Diversity, Biofilm Formation, and Detection of Colistin Resistance Genes in Clinical Isolates of <em>Acinetobacter baumannii</em></p>

Khoshnood¹,

Savari²,

Montazeri³

et al. 2020

IDR

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Introduction: Acinetobacter baumannii is an opportunistic pathogen responsible for nosocomial infections. The emergence of colistin-resistant A. baumannii is a significant threat to public health. The aim of this study was to investigate the molecular characterization and genotyping of clinical A. baumannii isolates in Southwestern Iran. Methods: A total of 70 A. baumannii isolates were collected from patients admitted to Imam Khomeini Hospital in Ahvaz, Southwestern Iran. Minimum inhibitory concentration test was conducted by using Vitek 2 system. The presence of biofilm-forming genes and colistin resistance-related genes were evaluated by PCR. The isolates were also examined for their biofilm formation ability and the expression of pmrA and pmrB genes. Finally, multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and PCR-based sequence group were used to determine the genetic relationships of the isolates. Results: Overall, 61 (87.1%) and 9 (12.8%) isolates were multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR), respectively. Colistin and tigecycline with 2 (2.8%) and 32 (45.7%) resistance rates had the highest effect. Among all the isolates, 55 (78.5%), 7 (10%), and 3 (4.3%) were strong, moderate, and weak biofilm producers, respectively. The frequency rates of biofilm-related genes were 64 (91.4%), 70 (100%), 56 (80%), and 22 (31.42%) for bap, ompA, csuE, and bla PER1 , respectively. Overexpression of pmrA and pmrB genes was observed in two colistin-resistance isolates, but the expression of these genes did not change in colistin-sensitive isolates. Additionally, 37 (52.8%) and 8 (11.4%) isolates belonged to groups 1 (ICII) and 2 (IC I), respectively. MLST analysis revealed a total of nine different sequence types that six isolates belonged to clonal complex 92 (corresponding to ST801, ST118, ST138, ST 421, and ST735). Other isolates were belonging to ST133 and ST216, and two colistin-resistant (Ab4 and Ab41) isolates were belonging to ST387 and ST1812. Conclusion: The present study revealed the presence of MDR and XDR A. baumannii isolates harboring biofilm genes and emergence of colistin-resistant isolates in Southwestern Iran. These isolates had high diversity, which was affirmed by typing techniques. The control measures and regular surveillance are urgently needed to preclude the spread of these isolates.

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Molecular characteristics of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter spp. from clinical infection samples and fecal survey samples in Southern China

Cited by 41 publications

References 55 publications

Characterization of carbapenem non-susceptible Gram-negative Bacilli isolated from the feces of 10,000 inpatients in Southern China

Characterization of carbapenem non-susceptible Gram-negative Bacilli isolated from the feces of 10,000 inpatients in Southern China

The occurrence of Salmonella, extended‐spectrum β‐lactamase producing Escherichia coli and carbapenem resistant non‐fermenting Gram‐negative bacteria in a backyard poultry flock environment

<p>Survey on Genetic Diversity, Biofilm Formation, and Detection of Colistin Resistance Genes in Clinical Isolates of <em>Acinetobacter baumannii</em></p>

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