Molecular characterization and antimicrobial susceptibility of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis isolated from skin abscesses of native Korean goats (Capra hircus coreanae)

Pathirana, H. N. K. S.; Cho, Ho-Seong; Cho, Yong-Il; Kim, Chan-Lan; Wimalasena, S.H.M.P.; Rajapaksha, L G T G; Gunasekara, A C W R; Kim, Chong-Han; Seo, Byoung-Joo; Moon, Sung-Hyun; Park, Jinho; Shin, Gee-Wook

doi:10.1111/jam.15683

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…In addition, our analysis revealed low bootstrap values and intergroup divergence within biotype Ovis, consistent with previous studies that reported genetic diversity within biotype Ovis is independent of host and geographic origins [8,71]. This could be due to the fact that this study was conducted on sheep and goats in a smallholder production system where close coexistence or even common grazing and housing among different flocks is possible [60].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…However, the majority of these isolates demonstrated resistance to numerous of the 24 tested antimicrobials. Most previous studies on the antimicrobial susceptibility of C. pseudotuberculosis showed diverse prevalence and patterns [8,21,32,60], which has been attributed by some authors to regional variations in antimicrobial use, the availability of over-the-counter antibiotics without prescriptions, and levels of veterinary service provided [60]. In Egypt, antimicrobials are available over-thecounter and extensively used by smallholder breeders as prophylactics and/or growth promoters [22], which might explain the high resistance rate reported in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

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Molecular Characterization and Antimicrobial Susceptibilities of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis Isolated from Caseous Lymphadenitis of Smallholder Sheep and Goats

Damaty

El-Demerdash²,

El-Aziz

et al. 2023

Animals

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Caseous lymphadenitis (CLA) is a bacterial infection caused by Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis (C. pseudotuberculosis) that affects sheep and goats, leading to abscess formation in their lymph nodes. The present study aimed to isolate and identify C. pseudotuberculosis from CLA in smallholder sheep and goats, and determine the resistance patterns, virulence, and resistance genes of the isolates. Additionally, genotypic and phylogenetic analysis of the isolates was conducted using ERIC-PCR and DNA sequencing techniques. A cross-sectional study examined 220 animals (130 sheep and 90 goats) from 39 smallholder flocks for clinical signs of CLA. Fifty-four (24.54%) animals showed CLA-compatible lesions, confirmed by C. pseudotuberculosis isolation and PCR identification. Sheep had a lower infection rate of CLA (18.46%) compared with goats (33.3%). Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of 54 C. pseudotuberculosis isolates to 24 antimicrobial drugs revealed that they were 100% resistant to bacitracin and florfenicol, while none of the isolates were resistant to norfloxacin. A high resistance rate was observed for penicillin and erythromycin (92.6% each). Interestingly, 16.7% of C. pseudotuberculosis isolates recovered from sheep showed vancomycin resistance. Molecular characterization of C. pseudotuberculosis isolates revealed that PLD, PIP, and FagA virulence genes were present in all examined isolates. However, the FagB, FagC, and FagD genes were detected in 24 (100%), 20 (83%), and 18 (75%) of the sheep isolates, and 26 (87%), 26 (87%), and 18 (60%) of the goat isolates, respectively. The β-lactam resistance gene was present in all isolates. Furthermore, 83% of the sheep isolates carried the aminoglycoside (aph(3″)-lb), chloramphenicol (cat1), and bacitracin (bcrA) resistance genes. Among the isolates recovered from goats, 73% were found to contain macrolides (ermX), sulfonamide (sul1), and bacitracin (bcrA) resistance genes. It is worrisome that the glycopeptide (vanA) resistance gene was detected in 8% of the sheep isolates as a first report. ERIC-PCR genotyping of 10 multi-drug-resistant C. pseudotuberculosis isolates showed a high similarity index of 83.6% between isolates from sheep and goats. Nucleotide sequence analysis of partial 16S rRNA sequences of C. pseudotuberculosis revealed 98.83% similarity with biovar Ovis of globally available reference sequences on the Genbank database. Overall, our findings might indicate that C. pseudotuberculosis infection in smallholders in Egypt might be underestimated despite the significant financial impact on animal husbandry and potential health hazards it poses. Moreover, this study highlights the importance of implementing a sustainable control strategy and increasing knowledge and awareness among smallholder breeders to mitigate the economic impact of CLA.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Molecular Characterization and Antimicrobial Susceptibilities of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis Isolated from Caseous Lymphadenitis of Smallholder Sheep and Goats

Damaty

El-Demerdash²,

El-Aziz

et al. 2023

Animals

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“…In recent years, the prevalence of caseous lymphadenitis (CLA) has increased, particularly among goat breeders in Korea, as it has become endemic (Jung et al, 2015;Kong et al, 2019). Furthermore, the presence of C. pseudotuberculosis in animals within the herd causes the rapid spread of CLA (Pathirana et al, 2022). Previous studies only focused on the seroprevalence in which 57.30% (Jung et al, 2015) and 43.00% (Kong et al, 2019) animals were seropositive and isolating the causative agents, leaving a gap in understanding the risk factors contributing to the infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pilot study on risk factors associated with caseous lymphadenitis and its seasonal prevalence in the Korean native goat

Pioquinto,

Aftabuzzaman,

Valete

et al. 2023

Korean J. Vet. Serv

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Caseous lymphadenitis (CLA), a chronic infectious disease that affects small ruminants (Kaba et al, 2011), is caused by Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis (C. pseudotuberculosis). In addition to goats, other farm animals can also suffer from this debilitating or recurring disease (Dorella et al, 2006). It can manifest as abscesses in subcutaneous lymph nodes or as subclinical infections in internal lymph nodes and organs, such as the lungs, liver, and kidneys (Fontaine and Baird, 2008). CLA infection in goats is influenced by several environmental factors, including inadequate hygiene, herd size, housing conditions, and open skin wounds of the animals (Thongkwow et al, 2019). This infection can cause financial losses to the goat industry, affect animal health, downgrade carcass value, and increase inspection and trimming costs during slaughter (Barnabé et al, 2020). Korean native goats (KNG) are indigenous breeds of goats in Korea known for their high productivity. Traditionally, they have been raised on native grass and agricultural byproducts in the mountains (Kim et al, 2019). However, the recent increase in goat husbandry activities (Kim et al, 2021) and KNG meat consumption (Jeong et al, 2006) has led to the growth and expansion of goatKJVS

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“…It is a chronic infectious disease that can cause zoonosis. This bacterium can cause disease in sheep, goats, cattle and other animals [ 20 ]. Nodules of varying sizes can be observed in the spleen, containing yellowish case-like substances.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined Transcriptomic and Proteomic of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis Infection in the Spleen of Dairy Goats

Cheng

et al. 2022

Animals

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Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis (C. pseudotuberculosis) is a zoonotic chronic infectious disease. It mainly occurs in dairy goats reared in herds, and once it invades the dairy goats, it is difficult to completely remove it, causing great harm to the development of the sheep industry. This study mainly was based on TMT-based quantitative proteomics and RNA-seq methods to measure the spleen samples of infected dairy goats at different time periods. Nine four-month-old dairy goats were divided into three groups, with three goats in each group. The dairy goats in the first group (NC group) were inoculated with 1.0 mL of sterilized normal saline subcutaneously, and the second (72 h group) and third groups (144 h group) were inoculated with 1.0 mL of 1 × 107 cfu/mL bacterial solution subcutaneously in the neck. Significant changes in the protein and mRNA expression were observed in different infection and control groups. In the 72 h group, 85 genes with differential genes and proteins were up-regulated and 91 genes were down-regulated in this study. In the 144 h group, 38 genes with differential genes and proteins were up-regulated and 51 genes were down-regulated. It was found that 21 differentially expressed genes and proteins were co-up-regulated in the two groups. There were 20 differentially expressed genes and proteins which were co-down-regulated in both groups. The 72 h group were mainly enriched in protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum, lysosome, amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism and the estrogen signaling pathway. In the 144 h group, they were protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum pathway which was enriched by mRNA–proteins pairs co-upregulated by the five pairs. The combined transcriptomic and proteomic analyses were performed to provide insights into the effects of C. pseudotuberculosis through several regulatory features and pathways. We found that in the early stage of infection (72 h), the co-upregulated gene–protein pairs were enriched in multiple pathways, which jointly defended against a bacterial invasion. However, in the later stages of infection (144 h), when the disease stabilizes, a few co-upregulated gene–protein pairs played a role in protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum pathway. In addition, the mRNA and protein expressions of dairy goats infected with the bacteria at different periods of time indicated the adaptability of dairy goats to the bacteria. At the same time, it guides us to carry out a corresponding treatment and feeding management for dairy goats according to different periods of time.

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Molecular characterization and antimicrobial susceptibility of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis isolated from skin abscesses of native Korean goats (Capra hircus coreanae)

Cited by 4 publications

References 23 publications

Molecular Characterization and Antimicrobial Susceptibilities of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis Isolated from Caseous Lymphadenitis of Smallholder Sheep and Goats

Molecular Characterization and Antimicrobial Susceptibilities of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis Isolated from Caseous Lymphadenitis of Smallholder Sheep and Goats

Pilot study on risk factors associated with caseous lymphadenitis and its seasonal prevalence in the Korean native goat

Combined Transcriptomic and Proteomic of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis Infection in the Spleen of Dairy Goats

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