Molecular characterization and differential expression suggested diverse functions of P-type II Ca2+ATPases in Triticum aestivum L

Abstract

BackgroundPlant P-type II Ca2+ATPases are formed by two distinct groups of proteins (ACAs and ECAs) that perform pumping of Ca2+ outside the cytoplasm during homeostasis, and play vital functions during development and stress management. In the present study, we have performed identification and characterisation of P-type II Ca2+ATPase gene family in an important crop plant Triticum aestivum.ResultsHerein, a total of 33 TaACA and 9 TaECA proteins were identified from the various chromosomes and sub-genomes of Triticum aestivum. Phylogenetic analysis revealed clustering of the homoeologous TaACA and TaECA proteins into 11 and 3 distinct groups that exhibited high sequence homology and comparable structural organization as well. Both TaACA and TaECA group proteins consisted of eight to ten transmembrane regions, and their respective domains and motifs. Prediction of sub-cellular localization was found variable for most of the proteins; moreover, it was consistent with the evolutionarily related proteins from rice and Arabidopsis in certain cases. The occurrence of assorted sets of cis-regulatory elements indicated their diverse functions. The differential expression of various TaACA and TaECA genes during developmental stages suggested their roles in growth and development. The modulated expression during heat, drought, salt and biotic stresses along with the occurrence of various stress specific cis-regulatory elements suggested their association with stress response. Interaction of these genes with numerous development and stress related genes indicated their decisive role in various biological processes and signaling.ConclusionT. aestivum genome consisted of a maximum of 42 P-type II Ca2+ATPase genes, derived from each A, B and D sub-genome. These genes may play diverse functions during plant growth and development. They may also be involved in signalling during abiotic and biotic stresses. The present study provides a comprehensive insight into the role of P-type II Ca2+ATPase genes in T. aestivum. However, the specific function of each gene needs to be established, which could be utilized in future crop improvement programs.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-018-4792-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Genome-wide characterization and expression and co-expression analysis suggested diverse functions of WOX genes in bread wheat

“…The occurrence of exon and intron in the TaWOX genes was analysed by comparing the CDS and their corresponding genomic sequence as done in earlier studies ( Taneja et al, 2016 ; Taneja and Upadhyay, 2018 ). The Gene Structure Display Server (GSDS 2.0) was used for the intron phase analysis and pictorial presentation of gene architecture ( Hu et al, 2014 ).…”

Molecular characterization and transcriptional profiling suggested structural and functional divergence in ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and APX-related (APX-R) genes in Triticum aestivum L.

“…The evolutionary rate per year between the duplicated gene pairs was compared using Tajima's relative rate test. The results showed a significant value (30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40)(41)(42)(43)(44) of χ2 for all duplicated gene pairs (Table 2). Further, a diverse expression pattern was observed between the duplicated genes ( Fig.…”

“…The TaAPX and TaAPX-R genes were identified by BLASTp search using known APX sequences from A. 90% identity) and chromosomal similarity, as reported earlier [40,41]. However, the similarity of ≥80% among intra sub-genomic genes was used for the identification of paralogous genes.…”

Plant Defense Responses to Biotic Stress and Its Interplay With Fluctuating Dark/Light Conditions

“…For example, autoinhibited Ca 2+ -ATPases (ACAs), ER-type Ca 2+ -ATPases (ECAs), mitochondrial Ca 2+ uniporter (MCU), P1-ATPases (e.g., HMA1), Ca 2+ exchangers (CAX), two-pore channel (TPC), 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor-like channel (InsP 3 R), 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP 3 ), cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR)-activator ryanodine receptor-like channel (RyR), slow-activating vacuolar channel (SV), and sodium-calcium exchanger (NCX) represents the organellar Ca 2+ machinery ( Figure 1 ). Many of these channels are reported to play pivotal roles in plant immunity ( Bose et al, 2011 ; Pittman, 2011 ; Spalding and Harper, 2011 ; Kiep et al, 2015 ; Costa et al, 2017 ; Teardo et al, 2017 ; Yang et al, 2017 ; Demidchik et al, 2018 ; Taneja and Upadhyay, 2018 ; Pandey and Sanyal, 2021 ).…”