Molecular characterization of Echinococcus granulosus in south-eastern Romania: evidence of G1–G3 and G6–G10 complexes in humans

Piccoli, Luca; Bazzocchi, Chiara; Brunetti, Enrico; Mihăilescu, P; Bandi, Claudio; Mastalier, Bogdan; Cordoş, Ioan; Beuran, Mircea; Popa, G; Meroni, Valeria; Genco, Francesca; Creţu, Carmen

doi:10.1111/j.1469-0691.2012.03993.x

Cited by 42 publications

(33 citation statements)

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“…The finding of E. granulosus s.s. in these patients is in agreement with previous studies which provided evidence of almost all human CE records in Romania infected with this species [25][26][27]. However, in a survey by Piccoli et al [28] a single human case of E. canadensis G7 was reported, apart from 59 cases of E. granulosus s.s. in patients from south-eastern Romania. The authors stated that the main risk factor for acquiring CE infection seemed to be the close contact with stray dogs reported for 97% of patients.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

A molecular survey of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato in central-eastern Europe

et al. 2016

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Open Life Sci. 2016; 11: 524-532 while infections with E. granulosus s.s. which are highly infectious for humans are more commonly encountered in Romania and Hungary.Keywords: Echinococcus granulosus, genotype, DNA sequences, human, pig, central-eastern Europe IntroductionThe larval stages of the tapeworm Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato (s.l.) are the causative agents of cystic echinococcosis (CE), one of the most important cestode infections causing morbidity and mortality in humans and significant economic losses in livestock. Around one million or more people are currently suffering from CE globally and the financial burden of the disease on the livestock industry is substantial, with up to two billion dollars lost annually [1]. Recent molecular phylogenetic analyses have revealed that E. granulosus is a complex of spesies/genotypes with at least five different species: E. granulosus sensu stricto (s.s.) (genotypes G1-G3), Echinococcus equinus (G4), Echinococcus ortleppi (G5), Echinococcus canadensis (G6-G10), and Echinococcus felidis ("lion strain") [2][3][4].CE remains one of the most important helminth zoonoses in many regions of Europe, especially the Mediterranean littoral (Spain, Italy, Greece and Turkey) and southeastern countries such as Bulgaria and Romania. The disease seems to be less prevalent in the UK, Central Europe, the Baltic States and the Scandinavian countries [5,6]. Surveys that addressed the incidence of CE over the last decade from central-eastern Europe has reported a relatively greater incidence in Romania (average incidence annual rate was 0.29 per 100,000 population) and Ukraine (0.30), whereas in Hungary (0.07), Poland (0.08) and Slovakia (0.10) lower numbers of human cases were documented [7]. This also is due to the fact that E. granulosus s.s., which is responsible for the majority Abstract: Central-eastern Europe is an endemic region for cystic echinococcosis where multiple species of intermediate hosts are commonly infected with Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato tapeworms of major medical and veterinary importance. Investigations of the genetic variation of 25 Echinococcus isolates from five countries (Slovakia, Romania, Ukraine, Hungary, Poland) were undertaken using three mitochondrial DNA markers. The 18 isolates from pigs derived from Slovakia and Ukraine and the four human isolates from Slovakia, Poland and Ukraine were identified as E. canadensis G7, whereas the three human isolates from Romania and Hungary were classified as E. granulosus sensu stricto G1. This study reports the first confirmed human case of E. granulosus s.s. in Hungary. The haplotype G7A with two polymorphic sites relative to the most common regional variant of E. canadensis G7 was recorded in both pigs from Ukraine and in a single pig isolate from Slovakia. The results of this study support the circumstantial evidence that E. canadensis G7 with low infectivity for humans is highly prevalent in the northern parts of the region (Poland, Slovakia, forest-steppe zone of Ukraine),

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

A molecular survey of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato in central-eastern Europe

et al. 2016

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“…[48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55] For the first time in Iran, Sharbatkhori and others 30 reported the occurrence of the G3 genotype in camels from the Isfahan Province (central Iran). This was a global first for the identification of the G3 genotype in this host.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…29 Globally, many studies identified the G1 genotype as the most common or the only genotype causing human CE, whereas the G6 genotype has indicated no or low infectivity to humans. 55,[57][58][59][60][61] However, the G1 and G6 genotypes of E. granulosus genotypes are most commonly associated with human infection worldwide and in Iran. Table 4 summarizes the identification of the G6 genotype in humans across the world.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Characterization of Echinococcus granulosus from a Large Number of Formalin-Fixed, Paraffin-Embedded Tissue Samples of Human Isolates in Iran

Rostami¹,

Torbaghan²,

Dabiri³

et al. 2015

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. Cystic echinococcosis (CE), caused by the larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus, presents an important medical and veterinary problem globally, including that in Iran. Different genotypes of E. granulosus have been reported from human isolates worldwide. This study identifies the genotype of the parasite responsible for human hydatidosis in three provinces of Iran using formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue samples. In this study, 200 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue samples from human CE cases were collected from Alborz, Tehran, and Kerman provinces. Polymerase chain reaction amplification and sequencing of the partial mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 gene were performed for genetic characterization of the samples. Phylogenetic analysis of the isolates from this study and reference sequences of different genotypes was done using a maximum likelihood method. In total, 54.4%, 0.8%, 1%, and 40.8% of the samples were identified as the G1, G2, G3, and G6 genotypes, respectively. The findings of the current study confirm the G1 genotype (sheep strain) to be the most prevalent genotype involved in human CE cases in Iran and indicates the high prevalence of the G6 genotype with a high infectivity for humans. Furthermore, this study illustrates the first documented human CE case in Iran infected with the G2 genotype.

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“…According to official data from the National Centre of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, the average incidence of the disease was steady (4.45/10 5 inhabitants) in the years 2009e14 (Muhtarov, 2014;Piccoli et al, 2013). p1245…”

Section: U N C O R R E C T E D P R O O F S0390 3453 Cystic Echinocmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Distribution of Alveolar and Cystic Echinococcosis

Deplazes

Rinaldi

Rojas

et al. 2017

Advances in Parasitology

769

679

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Molecular characterization of Echinococcus granulosus in south-eastern Romania: evidence of G1–G3 and G6–G10 complexes in humans

Cited by 42 publications

References 27 publications

A molecular survey of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato in central-eastern Europe

A molecular survey of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato in central-eastern Europe

Genetic Characterization of Echinococcus granulosus from a Large Number of Formalin-Fixed, Paraffin-Embedded Tissue Samples of Human Isolates in Iran

Global Distribution of Alveolar and Cystic Echinococcosis

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