Molecular characterization of the unique Mesostephanus appendiculatus (Trematoda: Cyathocotylidae) by small ribosomal RNA from Egypt

Elbahy, Nasr; Bazh, Eman K.; Sorour, Shimaa Sobhy; Elhawary, Nagwa M.

doi:10.1007/s00436-016-5342-5

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Likewise, the interrelationships among the genera within the Cyathocotylidae remain completely unknown. Currently, mostly non‐comparable DNA sequences are available from the adult forms of only three species belonging to the genera, Mesostephanus Lutz, 1935 and Holostephanus Szidat, 1936 (Dzikowski, Levy, Poore, Flowers, & Paperna, ; El‐Bahy, Bazh, Sorour, & Elhawary, ; Hernández‐Mena, García‐Varela, & Pérez‐Ponce de León, ); moreover, all three species are from avian hosts, thus preventing evolutionary analysis of the patterns of host associations among cyathocotylids.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular phylogeny of the Cyathocotylidae (Digenea, Diplostomoidea) necessitates systematic changes and reveals a history of host and environment switches

et al. 2019

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The Cyathocotylidae is a globally distributed family of digeneans parasitic as adults in fish, reptiles, birds and mammals in both freshwater and marine environments. Molecular phylogenetic analysis of interrelationships among cyathocotylids is lacking with only a few species included in previous studies. We used sequences of the nuclear 28S rRNA gene to examine phylogenetic affinities of 11 newly sequenced taxa of cyathocotylids and the closely related family Brauninidae collected from fish, reptiles, birds and dolphins from Australia, Southeast Asia, Europe, North America and South America. This is the first study to provide sequence data from adult cyathocotylids parasitic in fish and reptiles. Our analyses demonstrated that the members of the genus Braunina (family Brauninidae) belong to the Cyathocotylidae, placing the Brauninidae into synonymy with the Cyathocotylidae. In addition, our DNA sequences supported the presence of a second species in the currently monotypic Braunina. Our phylogeny revealed that Cyathocotyle spp. from crocodilians belong to a separate genus (Suchocyathocotyle, previously proposed as a subgenus) and subfamily (Suchocyathocotylinae subfam. n.). Morphological study of Gogatea serpentum indicum supported its elevation to species as Gogatea mehri. The phylogeny did not support Holostephanoides within the subfamily Cyathocotylinae; instead, Holostephanoides formed a strongly supported clade with members of the subfamily Szidatiinae (Gogatea and Neogogatea). Therefore, we transfer Holostephanoides into the Szidatiinae. DNA sequence data revealed the potential presence of cryptic species reported under the name Mesostephanus microbursa. Our phylogeny indicated at least two major host switching events in the evolutionary history of the subfamily Szidatiinae which likely resulted in the transition of these parasites from birds to fish and snakes. Likewise, the transition to dolphins by Braunina represents another major host switching event among the Cyathocotylidae. In addition, our phylogeny revealed more than a single transition between freshwater and marine environments demonstrated in our dataset by Braunina and some Mesostephanus.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular phylogeny of the Cyathocotylidae (Digenea, Diplostomoidea) necessitates systematic changes and reveals a history of host and environment switches

et al. 2019

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“…Molecular data and phylogenetic studies of this family are lacking. Globally, DNA sequences are available from adults of only four species from reptile hosts belonging to genera Suchocyathocotyle and Gogatea ( 9 ) and eight species from avian hosts belonging to genera Holostephanus, Holostephanoides, Cyathocotyle, Mesostephanus , and Neogogatea ( 9 – 13 ). Several cyathocotylid trematodes were recorded in Egypt, including Prohemistomum vivax, Prohemistomum azimi n.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…sp., Mesostephanus appendiculatus, Mesostephanus burmanicus, Mesostephanus milvi, Mesostephanus odhneri , and M. fajardensis ( 4 , 14 , 15 ). However, these species are morphologically similar, and molecular data were recovered from adults of only one species, M. appendiculatus ( 13 ). Thus, more efforts are needed to develop a fast and accurate molecular tool to differentiate these trematodes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune pathogenesis in pigeons during experimental Prohemistomum vivax infection

et al. 2022

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Prohemistomum vivax is a small trematode belonging to the family Cyathocotylidae, infecting fish-eating birds and mammals, including humans. However, no data on molecular identification and immune pathogenesis are available, challenging effective diagnostic and therapeutic interventions. Here, we identified P. vivax based on combined morphological and molecular data and examined histopathological lesions and the differential cytokines expression in experimentally infected pigeons. Pigeons were orally infected with 500 prohemistomid metacercariae. Intestinal and spleen tissues were harvested 2, 4, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days post-infection (dpi). Gene expression levels of eleven cytokines (IL-1, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, IL-15, IL-18, IFN-γ, and TGF-β3) were assessed using quantitative reverse-transcription PCR (RT-qPCR). We identified the recovered flukes as Prohemistomum vivax based on morphological features and the sequence and phylogenetic analysis of the internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1), 5.8 ribosomal RNA, and ITS2 region. Histopathological lesions were induced as early as 2 dpi, with the intensity of villi atrophy and inflammatory cell infiltration increasing as the infection progressed. An early immunosuppressive state (2 and 4 dpi), with TGF-β3 overexpression, developed to allow parasite colonization. A mixed Th1/Th2 immune response (overexpressed IFN-γ, IL-12, IL-2, IL-4, and IL-5) was activated as the infection progressed from 7 to 28 dpi. Inflammatory cytokines (IL-1, IL-6, IL-18, and IL-15) were generally overexpressed at 7–28 dpi, peaking at 7 or 14 dpi. The upregulated Treg IL-10 expression peaking between 21 and 28 dpi might promote the Th1/Th2 balance and immune homeostasis to protect the host from excessive tissue pathology and inflammation. The intestine and spleen expressed a significantly different relative quantity of cytokines throughout the infection. To conclude, our results presented distinct cytokine alteration throughout P. vivax infection in pigeons, which may aid in understanding the immune pathogenesis and host defense mechanism against this infection.

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Prevalence and identification of cyathocotylid trematodes infecting African catfish in Egypt

Abuzeid,

Hefni,

El-Gayar

et al. 2024

Parasitol Res

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Molecular characterization of the unique Mesostephanus appendiculatus (Trematoda: Cyathocotylidae) by small ribosomal RNA from Egypt

Cited by 5 publications

References 21 publications

Molecular phylogeny of the Cyathocotylidae (Digenea, Diplostomoidea) necessitates systematic changes and reveals a history of host and environment switches

Molecular phylogeny of the Cyathocotylidae (Digenea, Diplostomoidea) necessitates systematic changes and reveals a history of host and environment switches

Immune pathogenesis in pigeons during experimental Prohemistomum vivax infection

Prevalence and identification of cyathocotylid trematodes infecting African catfish in Egypt

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